Transcript Teen Health Course 3 - Newport School District

Chapter 18
Communicable
Diseases
Lesson 1
Preventing the Spread
of Disease
Teacher’s notes are available in the notes section of this presentation.
Next >>
 disease
Any condition that interferes with the proper
functioning of the body and mind
 communicable A disease that can be passed to a person from
disease
another person, animal, or object
 pathogens
Disease-causing organisms that are so small
they can only be seen through a microscope
 infection
A condition that occurs when pathogens enter the
body, multiply, and cause harm
 viruses
need to be inside living cells to grow and reproduce.
 bacteria
are tiny, one-celled creatures that get nutrients from their
environments in order to live.
 fungi
are multi-celled (made of many cells), plant-like organisms.
 protozoa
are one-cell organisms that love moisture and often spread diseases
through water and insect bites.
 vector
An organism, such as an insect, that transmits
pathogens
 hygiene
Cleanliness
In this lesson, you will learn to
 name some causes of communicable disease.
 explain how pathogens are spread.
 describe how to protect yourself against pathogens.
Common Diseases
A cold is one kind of disease.
I.Disease Any condition that interferes with the proper
functioning of the body or mind
A cold is a communicable disease.
A.Communicable Disease A disease that can be passed to a
person from another person, animal, or object
Common Diseases
1. Pathogen is a fancy word for germ.
2. Pathogens Disease-causing organisms that are so small
they can only be seen through a microscope
Pathogens can cause an infection. This is an
outer ear infection-->
Infection A condition that occurs when pathogens enter the
body, multiply, and cause harm
Types of Pathogens
Viruses cause common diseases, such as colds
and the flu. Most viruses can't survive very long if
they're not inside a living thing like a plant, animal, or
person.
Viruses The smallest pathogens
Most viral infections cannot be treated and cured
with antibiotics.
Virus Picture
Types of Pathogens
Bacteria that live in your digestive tract help you digest food. Other bacteria are
harmful. Bacteria are tiny, one-celled creatures that get nutrients from their
environments in order to live. In some cases that environment is a human body.
Bacteria can reproduce outside of the body or within the body as they cause
infections. Some bacteria are good for our bodies — they help keep things in
balance. Good bacteria live in our intestines and help us use the nutrients in the
food we eat and make waste from what's left over. We couldn't make the most of a
healthy meal without these important helper germs! Some bacteria are also used
by scientists in labs to produce medicines and vaccines.
Bacteria Tiny one-celled organisms
Most bacterial infections can be treated and cured
with antibiotics.
Bacteria Picture
Types of Pathogens - Fungi
Unlike other plants, fungi cannot make their own food from
soil, water, and air. Instead, fungi get their nutrition from
plants, people, and animals. They love to live in damp, warm
places, and many fungi are not dangerous in healthy people.
An example of something caused by fungi is athlete's foot,
that itchy rash that teens and adults sometimes get between
their toes.
Fungi - are multi-celled (made of many cells), plantlike organisms
Fungi Picture
Types of Pathogens – Protozoa
Some protozoa cause intestinal infections that lead
to diarrhea, nausea, and belly pain.
Malaria is a disease caused by a protozoa that can
live in mosquitoes. If an infected mosquito bites a
person, the protozoa transfers into the body through
the skin.
Protozoa one-cell organisms that love moisture
and often spread diseases through water and
insect bites.
Protozoa
Types of Pathogens
Pathogens
Diseases
Viruses
Colds, influenza, hepatitis, chicken pox, measles, mumps,
mononucleosis, herpes, HIV/AIDS, fever, polio, rabies, viral
pneumonia
The smallest
pathogens
Bacteria
Tiny one-celled
organisms
Pink eye, pertussis (whooping cough), strep throat, tuberculosis,
Lyme disease, most foodborne illnesses, diphtheria, bacterial
pneumonia, cholera
Fungi Organisms
that are more complex
than bacteria, but can’t
make their own food
Athlete's foot, ringworm, Infantigo
Protozoa
One-celled organisms
that are more complex
than bacteria
Amoebic dysentery, malaria
How are Pathogens Spread?
Direct contact with others is skin to skin contact.
Examples include: Sexual Activity, Kissing,
Shaking Hands
How are Pathogens Spread?
Indirect contact with others is touching infected
objects.
Examples include: Sharing a Drinking Glass,
Touching a Door Handle after Another Person has
Touched a Handle
How Do Pathogens Spread?
1.Direct contact
with others
2.Indirect contact
with others
3-4.Contact with
contaminated food
and water
5-6.Contact with
5-6.Contact
with
animals
or insects
animals or insects
7.Air-Coughs, sneezes
How Do Pathogens Spread?
A pathogen-carrying mosquito is an example of a
vector.
C. Vector An organism, such as an
insect, that transmits pathogens
How to Keep Pathogens from Spreading
Practicing good personal hygiene is a good way to
keep pathogens from spreading.
Hygiene Cleanliness
How to Keep Pathogens from Spreading
Eat nutritious foods and get enough physical activity and rest.
Avoid close contact with people infected with a communicable
disease, especially if they are still contagious.
Never share eating or drinking utensils.
How to Keep Pathogens from Spreading
Do not share toothbrushes or other personal hygiene items.
Wash your hands thoroughly in warm, soapy water.
Avoid touching your mouth, nose, and eyes.
Do not bite your nails.
How to Keep Pathogens from Spreading
Handle and prepare food safely, especially poultry and fish.
Wash vegetables and cook meat thoroughly.
Wipe counters thoroughly with a clean sponge or cloth.
Replace sponges and cloths often.
Keep your environment clean.
Empty trash frequently and keep trash cans clean.
Helping Others Stay Healthy
If you are ill, stay home from school and other public places.
Avoid contact with others.
When you sneeze, cover your mouth and nose, and turn your
head away from others. Wash your hands right away.
Wash your hands to the tune of ABC’s twice to make sure that
you have washed them long enough!
Lesson 1 Review
What I Learned
Give Examples What are four types of pathogens?
Give an example of a disease caused by each kind.
Lesson 1 Review
What I Learned
Describe What are some ways that pathogens can be
spread by indirect contact?
Lesson 1 Review
Thinking Critically
Analyze Why do you think it is important for teens to
practice good personal hygiene?
Lesson 1 Review
Thinking Critically
Apply Brendan is coughing and sneezing at school.
What should Brendan do to help prevent the spread of
pathogens? Explain your answer.
End of
Chapter 18
Communicable
Diseases
Lesson 1
Preventing the Spread
of Disease
Click for:
>> Main Menu
>> Chapter 18 Assessment