Transcript Chapter Two Back Vowels: /ɑ: / / ɔ / / ɔ: / / u / / u: /

Chapter Two
第二章
后元音
Back Vowels:
/ɑ: / / ɔ / / ɔ: / / u / / u: /
Time: 2 periods
Chapter two The first period
第二章
第一学时
后元音Back vowels: /ɑ: / / ɔ / / ɔ: /
Warming-up Exercise
Please read the following phrases in
falling tone and rising tone, pay
attention to the words containing /ɑ:/
/ɔ/ /ɔ:/ /u/ & /u:/ sounds.
Warming-up Exercise
/ɑ:/ a fast car / a large shark / a starved
artist
/ɔ/ socks and stockings / borrow a novel /
clocks and watches
/ɔ:/ more and more / on the fourth floor /
a short story
/u/ look for the cook / woolen socks /
stood in the foot
/u:/ a new rule / useful tools / stoop by a
cool pool
/ɑ:/ /ɔ/ /ɔ:/ /u/ /u:/
There are five back vowels:
/ɑ:/ /ɔ/ /ɔ:/ /u/ /u:/
For all of them the tip of tongue is
withdrawn towards the soft palate,
lip-rounding plays an important part
in producing all the back vowels
except for /ɑ:/
/ɑ:/
The tongue is held very low. The
mouth is opened with no lip-rounding.
The sound is like the exclamation
“Ah”.
/ɑ:/ is usually read in the
following letter or combine
letters: a ar al au
plant
star
calm
aunt
glass
park
half
laugh
class
car
palm
fast
basket
parcel
hard
(l is silent)
Phrases & Sentences
a fast car
a starved artist
a laugh star
a starry March night
half past nine
The dancing part stopped at half past five.
Arthur didn’t pass the art exam.
He laughs best who laughs last.
A large army marched past the grassland.
/ɔ/
The sound is made with open jaws and
slight open lip-rounding, the back of
the tongue is kept very low and far
back.
/ɔ/ is usually read in the
following letters or combined
letters: o a ou au
cop
want
cough
because
lock
hot
clock novel
what
was
watch quality
trough
sausage Austria Australia
Phrases & Sentences
clocks and watches cotton socks
borrow a novel
wash the mop
cost a lot
watch that small fox
John has got a pot of hot water.
Lots and lots of clocks and watches has
gone wrong.
The robber’s name is Robert.
/ɔ:/
This sound has a low, mid-back
tongue position; the lips are tense
and protruded.
/ɔ:/ is usually read in the following
combined letters: aw or au ar al
ore oor oar our ough augh
saw
horse
cause
fall
tore
four
jaw
born
fault
all
before
fought
law
cord
war
salt
more
taught
yawn
sword
draw
talk
board
door
daughter
Phrases & Sentences
more score
short stories
walk across the lawn morning news report
forty horses
to put more salt
Your four daughters are all very tall.
The reporter gave an important talk in the
auditorium.
You ought to do what the doctor ordered.
Comparison Between
/ɑ:/ & /ɔ/ and /ɔ:/ & /ɔ/
/ɑ:/
/ɔ /
/ɔ:/
/ɔ/
dark
黑
dock
码头
cork
软木
cock
公鸡
guard
看守
god
神
short
短
shot
射击
sharp
锋利
shop
商店
chalk
粉笔
chock 垫块
heart
心脏
hot
热
cord
粗浅
cod
鳕鱼
After-class assignments
Review and memorize the words, phrases,
sentences in class.
Make sentences containing back vowels
/ɑ:/ / ɔ / / ɔ: /.
Listen to the tapes and practice the three
back vowels /ɑ: / / ɔ / / ɔ: /.
Chapter two The second period
第二章
第二学时
后元音 Back vowels:/ u / / u: /
Warning-up exercise
/u/ look for the cook / woolen socks / stood
in the foot
/u:/ a new rule / useful tools / stoop by a
cool pool
/u/
This sound is produced with the
tongue in a relaxed position. The lips
are loosely rounded.
/u/ is usually read in the following
letters or combined letters: u o oo ou
put full
sugar bull push
wolf woman bosom to
good stood wood
foot soot
butcher
(before t and d in the words)
book cook
hook
(before k in the words)
could should would
look took
shook
Phrases & Sentences
look for the cook push aside the butcher
a good-looking woman took the book
cook the soup
put the sugar in the bottle
The cook understood the sugar was no good.
He took a book to the wood and had a good
look at it.
The woman couldn’t push the cart full of
wood.
/u:/
The back of the tongue is raised the
highest. This sound is the most tense
and most lip-rounded of the back
vowels.
/u:/ is usually read in the following
letters and combined letters: o u
oo ou ue ew oe
do
June
too
you
glue
chew
who
rude
food
group
true
juice
move lose
Susan
soon moon
spoon
soup through
blue
shoe
Phrases & Sentences
food and soup
blue boots
choose a good school at noon in June
Stoop by a cool pool useful tools
That news is too good to be true.
That student blew up a blue balloon on an
afternoon in June.
As a rule, Sue is foolish and stupid at school.