Transcript sexually transmitted diseases

Statistics
o Formerly known as STD’s: Sexually
Transmitted Diseases.
o The estimated number of people in
the US with an incurable SID is over
65 million.
o Every year, there are approximately
15 million new cases of SIDs.
o By age 24, it is believed that 1 in 4
Americans will contract an SID.
HERPES
HERPES Simplex I and II
oSimplex I
o Cold sores and
fever blisters
oSimplex II
o Genital herpes
Symptoms
Painful, fluid filled blisters
- can be found…
o in the mouth
o on the lips
o on the thighs or abdomen
o in the genital area
How is HERPES spread?
oSkin to skin contact
oOral Sex
oSexual Intercourse
How is HERPES treated?
o Oral medication: antiviral meds
like Acyclovir, Valtrex.
How is HERPES cured?
o It isn’t!
Affects unborn children
Baby born to mother during
an active herpes outbreak.
Statistics 2012
oNationwide, 16.2%, or 1 in 6
people aged 14-49 have genital
herpes infection.
o1 in 5 women 14-49 yoa
o1 in 9 men 14-49 yoa
AIDS
AIDS= Acquired
Immune
Deficiency
Syndrome
HIV causes AIDS
HIV: Human
Immunodeficiency
Virus
Symptoms of HIV
None; people that are HIV positive
may not present with symptoms for
up to 10 years.
Symptoms of AIDS
Skin Rashes, swollen glands, fever,
diarrhea, weakness, mouth and
respiratory infections
How is AIDS spread?
oSexual contact
oIV drug use
oBlood to blood contact
oPregnant mother to child
MUST ENTER THE BLOODSTREAM
How is HIV/AIDS Treated?
o Initial weight gain to prevent
“wasting.”
o Drug cocktails to prevent viral
replication and entry of virus
into uninfected cells.
Statistics 2012
oAt the end of 2011, an estimated
1,178,350 persons aged 13 and
older in the United States were
living with HIV/AIDS.
oIn 2011, 48,100 new cases of
HIV/AIDS were diagnosed; 166
were under the age of 13.
HPV
Human
Papilloma
Virus
Genital Warts!
HPV Symptoms
o Over 50 forms of this virus
are known to infect the
genitals.
o Some have no symptoms
o Others cause warts on the
genitals and surrounding skin
Complications
o Causes cell changes that
lead to cervical cancer
o HPV is the leading cause of
death from cervical cancer
in the U.S.
How is HPV treated?
o Removal of growths or abnormal
cervical tissue by surgery or
freezing.
o For external growths, prescription
medication can be applied.
o Guardasil shot for prevention of
only 3 types of HPV types that are
leading causes of cervical cancer.
Statistics 2012
o Approx. 20 million Americans
are currently infected with HPV.
o Approx. 6.2 million new
infections occur annually.
oAt least 50% of sexually active
men and women will acquire HPV
infection at some point in their
life.
CHLAMYDIA
Caused by: BACTERIA
Chlamydia trachomatis
Chlamydia Symptoms
MEN
WOMEN
o painful urination
o 80% have no
o white discharge
from penis
o pain in testicles
o may become
infertile if not
treated
symptoms
o discharge from
vagina
o bleeding or pain
with intercourse
o Irregular periods
Complications
o If untreated… can lead to Pelvic
Inflammatory Disease (PID) :
infection of fallopian tubes and
pelvic cavity in women
o PID can cause ectopic pregnancy
and/or infertility.
How is Chlamydia Spread?
o sexual contact
o bodily fluids
How is Chlamydia treated?
o Antibiotics
Statistics, 2012
o 1,307,893 chlamydia infections were
reported to CDC from 50 states and the
District of Columbia.
o 1990-2012 reported chlamydia cases
increases from 160.2 to 426.0 cases per
100,000 population.
o 74,744 reported cases in Florida, 2012
o #1 state/population: Alaska
Gonorrhea
Caused by: BACTERIA
Neiserria gonorrhea
Gonorrhea Symptoms
o thick, yellow discharge from penis and
vagina
o burning with urination
Complications
o Blindness in babies at
birth
o Antibiotics are given in the
eyes of every newborn.
How is gonorrhea spread?
o sexual contact
o bodily fluids
How is gonorrhea treated?
o antibiotics
Statistics 2012
o 309,341 cases reported in the US.
o First increase in reported infections
since 1975
o 20,163 reported cases in Florida.
o #1 “State”/population: District of
Columbia
SYPHILIS
Caused by: BACTERIA
Treponema pallidum
Syphilis symptoms
Progresses in stages:
o STAGE I: Red sores (chancres)
appear.
o STAGE II: non itching rash
o STAGE III: attacks heart, blood
vessels, and nervous system.
How do you get Syphilis?
o sexual contact
o skin-to-skin contact
How is Syphilis treated?
o Antibiotics
** can only be cured if found in early stages!
Statistics 2012
o Over 36,000 cases of syphilis in
2011.
o9,756 cases of primary and secondary
(P&S) syphilis.
o The incidence of P&S syphilis was
highest:
o women 20 to 24 years of age
o men 35 to 39 years of age