Transcript classification

CLASSIFICATION
VIRUSES, BACTERIA,
PROTISTA, FUNG
A. VIRUSES
• Viruses are simple structures made of
protein and nucleic acids.
• They are difficult to classify as living or
non living. Why?
• Name some diseases caused by viruses.
– (See chart on page 489)
B. VIRUSES: Bacteriophage
• Draw and label a bacteriophage
• See next slide and page 479.
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Head
Capsid
DNA (protein
sheath)
Neck
Whiskers
Tail
.05 mm
Base
plate
Tail fiber
C. VIRUS: Bacteriophage
• What type of cell do bacteriophages infect?
• Bacteriophages are used in biotechnology
for _______
Viral Structure
Viruses have many forms
D. Diseases caused by Viruses
• Name 5 diseases caused by viruses.
– See chart on page 489
E. BACTERIA
•
•
•
•
Bacteria are living organisms.
They are made of cells.
They have their own kingdom, Bacteria
List 5 diseases caused by bacteria.
– See page 486
• List 5 benefits of bacteria to humans
• Decomposition, nitrogen fixation,
photosynthesis, make pharmaceuticals,
make vitamins in intestines and aid
F. BACTERIA
• Draw and label a bacterial cell. See next
slide and page 472
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Ribosomes
Capsule
DNA
Cytoplasm
Plasma
membrane
Cell wall
Flagellum
Pili
G. BACTERIA
• Describe the 3 shapes of bacteria
• Bacilli, Cocci, Spirilla
• Bacteria can reproduce by binary fission
and conjugation. Compare these methods.
See page 475.
• When and why do bacteria produce spores?
H. PROTISTA
• Draw and label an ameoba and a
paramecium. See next slides and pages 500
and 501.
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Anterior contractile
vacuole
Food
vacuole
Micronucleus
Macronucleus
Gullet
Pellicle
Cilia
Posterior
contractile
vacuole
Cytoproct
I. PROTISTA
• List 3 types of protist movement and give
an example for each.
– Crawling with pseudopodia, ex: Amoeba
– Swimming with flagella, ex: Euglena
– Swimming with cilia, ex: Paramecium
• Which types of protists did you see?
J. PROTISTA
• Protists can reproduce asexually by mitosis
and cytokinesis, by conjugation, or sexually
with gametes.
• Malaria is caused by a protist called
Plasmodium falciparum. This protist
requires both a mosquito and a human to
complete its life cycle.
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
1 Mosquito injects
sporozoites
Sporozoites
2 Stages
in liver
Merozoites
6 Sporozoites
form within
mosquito
Zygote
Gametocytes
Oocysts
5 Gametocytes
ingested by
mosquito
3 Stages in
red blood
cells
4 Certain
merozoites
develop into
gametocytes
Protists like these diatoms can be quite lovely.
Do you like ice cream? I do.
Many ice creams are thickened by brown
algae, another protist. Yumm.
K. FUNGI
• How many types of fungi can you think of?
• How can fungi be beneficial?
• They can decompose, bread yeast makes
bread rise, alcohol fermentation makes
alcohol.
• What diseases do you know of that are
caused by fungi?
• Yeast infections, Athlete’s foot, ringworm
(not really a worm), Corn smut infects corn.
Cordyceps-see page 539- “Eww!”