Transcript Food Safety

Food
Safety
…From Farm to Table
By: Allison Weis
www.foodsafety.gov
I. Foodborne pathogens,
contaminants, and resulting
illnesses
II. Governing Agencies
III. Food Safety Regulation
IV. Example of Government
Initiative
Pathogens &
Contaminants
which cause foodborne illness
 Natural toxins
 Bacteria
 Parasites
 Viruses & prions
 Chemical and physical contaminants
Natural toxins
 Naturally
occurring in
fungi and
reef fish, for
example
 aflatoxin
http://www.healthline.com/blogs/outdoor_health/uploaded_images/amanita_muscaria-770480.jpg
Bacteria
 Infect intestinal tissues directly or
produce toxins
 Escherichia Coli
 Salmonella
 Listeria monocytogenes
 Vibrio strains
http://www.sflorg.com/sciencenews/images/imscn080706_01_01.jpg
Parasites
 Cyclospora
 Trichinella
http://www.latech.edu/ans/graphics/trichinella.jpg
Viruses & Prions
 Avian Flu
 Hepatitis A
 Norovirus
 Bovine Spongiform
Encephalopathy (BSE)
Chemical & Physical
Contaminants
 Pesticides
 Heavy metals
 Dioxins
 PCBs
Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Governing Agencies
 U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)
 Food Safety Inspection Service (FSIS)
 Department of Health and Human
Services (DHHS)
 Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
 CDC
 State health agencies
FSIS
Mission: to ensure that the nation’s
commercial supply of meat, poultry, and
egg products is safe, wholesome, and
correctly labeled and packaged
FDA
 Enforces food safety laws governing all
other domestic and imported food
 Regulates $417 billion domestic and $49
billion imported food each year (only
about 80% of total)
General responsibilities of
FSIS and FDA
 Inspect food production
establishments and food
warehouses
 Establish standards for practices
and production
 Conduct research
 Educate
FSIS Regulations
 Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point
(HACCP) systems have been in place since
1998.
 Seven principles of HACCP
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Analyze hazards
Identify critical control points
Establish preventative measures
Establish procedures to monitor critical control
points
 Establish corrective actions
 Establish procedures to verify that system is
working properly
 Effective recordkeeping
FSIS, continued
 Performs ~ 22,000 inspection procedures
each day. ~ 1.4% non-compliance over
the past year.
 Approved products are given the USDA
mark of inspection
 Non-compliance
 Seize products
 Condemn animals for disease or
contamination
FSIS Enforcement
If FSIS withholds
the mark of
inspection, the
operation in
question is
effectively shut
down
http://www.brookings.edu/gs/cps/ga/images/usda_sm.gif
And in recent news…
 The FDA’s new Food Protection Plan
was signed on November 6, 2007 (last
Tuesday!)
 It presents a practical, modern strategy to
protect the nation’s food supply from
unintentional contamination and
deliberate attack.
FDA Food Protection Plan
1. Prevention
a. Increased corporate responsibility
b. Identification of vulnerabilities and risk
2. Intervention
a. Inspections
b. New detection technology
c. Risk-based surveillance
3. Response
a. Improve communication to lower reaction time
http://www.fda.gov/oc/initiatives/advance/food.html
Food Protection Plan gives
FDA increased power
 FDA can now issue a mandatory recall
 FDA has better access to food records
during emergencies
A government initiative for
food safety
 Problem: Numbers of E. coli cases have been
on the rise
 FSIS response
 75% increase in number of tests for E. coli in ground
beef
 Accelerated review of suppliers and processors
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Testing earlier in production chain
Plants held accountable
Rapid recalls
More frequent and comprehensive tests
 Follow-up testing program
“We can’t provide zero risk
because it doesn’t exist. What
we want to do is make sensible
use of the resources available
to minimize that risk to
consumers to the extent that
we can.”
-Paul Mayers, CFIA
http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/foodsafety/
SOURCES
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http://www.latech.edu/ans/graphics/trichinella.jpg
http://www.healthline.com/blogs/outdoor_health/uploaded_images/amanita_muscaria770480.jpg
http://www.sflorg.com/sciencenews/images/imscn080706_01_01.jpg
http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/17349427/page/2/
http://www.ag-network-chile.net/Fruits%20and%20Vegetables%205.jpg
http://fsrio.nal.usda.gov/path_contam.php
http://www.fda.gov/oc/initiatives/advance/food/plan.html#summary
http://www.fda.gov/oc/initiatives/advance/food.html
http://www.fsis.usda.gov/News_&_Events/NR_102307_01/index.asp
http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~lrd/bghaccp.html
http://www.fsis.usda.gov/Frame/FrameRedirect.asp?main=http://www.fsis.usda.gov/oa
/haccp/hidguide.htm
http://www.fsis.usda.gov/regulations_&_policies/regulatory_enforcement/index.asp
http://www.fsis.usda.gov/PDF/QER_Q3_FY2007.pdf
http://www.foodsafety.gov/~dms/fs-toc.html#inspect
http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~ear/retail.html