Transcript MICROORGANISMS

MICROORGANISMS
The Good,
the Bad,
and the Ecological
Shapes of Bacteria
 Coccus
(Round) - Streptococcus
 Bacillus (Rod)
 Spirillum (Spiral) - Syphillis
Chapter 4
Shapes of Fungus
Yeast
Mushrooms
Shapes of Protists
Paramecium
Spirogyra
Diatom
Amoeba
BACTERIA….THE GOOD
Human Uses:
Food production Food and Beverage
making
Cleaning up oil spills
BACTERIA….THE GOOD
Human Uses:
In our digestive system…
1. Live in our intestines
and maintain balance
2. Protect from illness
3. Make vitamins
BACTERIA….THE BAD
Cause Diseases
Upsets equilibrium in the body.
Use cells for food and spread.
Release toxins that damage
cells.
Costs money to control them.
Ex. antibiotics, food storage
BACTERIA….THE BAD
Diseases caused by bacteria:
Lyme disease
Tetanus
Tuberculosis
Diphtheria
Bacterial Meningitis
Anthrax
Strep throat
Tooth decay
Gonnorhea
Syphillis
Pneumonia
Diseases can be controlled by sterilization (high heat),
disinfectants, vaccines, antibiotics
BACTERIA….THE BAD
Diseases are controlled by:
Sterilization (high heat)
Disinfectants
Vaccines
Antibiotics
BACTERIA…THE ECOLOGICAL
 Decomposers
– Recycle Nutrients and help maintain
equillibrium by breaking down nutrients/
 Nitrogen Fixers
– Convert Nitrogen to Nitrates (ex. Rhisbium
Bacteria- roots of plants)
 Food chains
BACTERIA…THE ECOLOGICAL
 Producers – Provide energy for
all living things.
 Decomposers - Recycle all dead
organisms.
 Nitrogen Fixers – Changes
nitrogen in atmosphere into
nitrates. Plants use the
nitrates, we eat the plants.
FUNGI….THE GOOD
Many foods are made from
fungi.
Ex. Bread, mushrooms.
Fungi decompose dead
material.
Return nutrients to the
soil.
FUNGI….THE BAD
Cause Diseases….
In plants:
Corn smut
Mold on fruits/veggies
Wheat rust
FUNGI….THE BAD
In humans:
Athlete’s foot
Ringworm
Thrush
Yeast infection
Respiratory illnesses caused by
black mold.
FUNGI….THE BAD
In the environment:
Mildew/mold grows in
bathrooms.
FUNGI….THE ECOLOGICAL
Maintain equilibrium by…
• Break down dead materials.
• Return nutrients to the soil.
• Some fungi’s have a symbiotic
relationship with living
organisms.
Ex. Lichens and algae
PROTISTA….THE GOOD
Maintain equilibrium:
 Break down dead organisms
 Make oxygen
 Algae is used to make many foods
 Chemicals from algae is used to
make products
Ex. plastics, paint, deodorant,
waxes, lubricants
PROTISTA….THE BAD
 Cause diseases
Ex. Malaria, Amebic Dysentary,
Trypanosoma
 Potato Famine in 1846- A fungu
killed potatos and other plants.
Many people starved
PROTISTA….THE BAD
Algal blooms
 Takes oxygen out of the
water
 Lack of oxygen kills plants and
animals
 Red Tide blooms – cause
shellfish to become toxic
PROTISTA….THE ECOLOGICAL
• Base of many food chains
• Does photosynthesis which
makes oxygen.
• Slime mold breaks down
dead organisms
• Aides in digestion.