Transcript Mon_Sept17_ReviewLastWeeksWork

Measurement
TOPIC 4
Taxonomy
Mon
09.17.12
MY GOAL I will… review the work I did on
Thursday & Friday
G.O.T. = • GET YOUR
Get On
NOTEBOOK OUT
Task
• Have pages 24-25 OPEN!
Cont. The Science of Classifying
9. Limitations to Linnaeus
1.
2.
Physical traits alone
Technology has surpassed this  we can study the
GENETICS a.k.a. DNA of living things  more
specific!
10. Phylogeny:
1.
2.
= evolutionary history
Looks at fossils, DNA, embryos – not just anatomy
Cladograms
Summarize Evolutionary History
CLADES = branches
NODES where
common
ancestor
branches into
a new group
DERIVED
CHARACTERS = traits
that have evolved
(changed) over time
Cladogram Example
Explanation of Book example – page 525
Wheels, motor, wings, passengers enclosed
WALKING
bicycle
motorcycle
car
Airplane
Wings
Passengers enclosed
Motor
Wheels
Cladogram with “Derived Characters” and
“Sister Groups
Sister Groups
Sister Groups
Sister Groups
?
1. Derived Characters…
2. Sister groups are more closely related…
Plant Cladogram
?
Cladograms can also look like this
Sister Groups
Sister Groups
Sister Groups
?
13. Why is classification always a work in
progress…?
Tube-Nosed Fruit Bat
Pinocchio Frog
Wondering Leg Sausage millipede
Stop Think And Review
What questions do you
have regarding
Cladistics?
Turn to ISN pages 26 - 27
ISN p. 26
TWO MAJOR TYPES OF CELLS
PROKARYOTE
 PRO = NO! No true nucleus NOR
membrane-bound organelles
EUKARYOTE
• EU = TRUE! True nucleus AND
mem-bound organelles
Take a look at these type
of test questions:
Directions: Use the answers below for questions 1 - 5. Answers may
be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. Prokaryote
B. Eukaryote
C. Both Types
PROkaryote
1.An example is bacteria
2.Does not contain any organelles with
membranes around them PROkaryote
3.Have/Has DNA BOTH PROkaryotes AND EUkaryotes
4.Has a true nucleus EUkaryote
5.The plant, animal, fungus and protist
kingdoms contain mostly these types of cells
EUkaryote
All life on Earth is related, & can be
represented in a single tree
ISN p. 27 Concept Map of Domain & Kingdoms
PROkaryotic
EUkaryotic
Archaea
Eubacteria
Archaebacteria
Eukarya
Protista
Plantae
Fungi
Animalia
ISN page 28
Distinguishing Characteristics of Each DOMAIN
DOMAIN
Bacteria
Archaea
Eukarya
Prokaryotic
OR
Eukaryotic
Pro
Pro
Eu
Uni
OR
MultiCellular
Live Where
Everywhere!
Uni
EXTREME
environments
Uni
Uni &
Multi
•
•
•
•
Land, sea, air
Include All living
things EXCEPT
bacteria!
Protist
Fungi
Stop Think And Review
What questions do you
have regarding
the 3 DOMAINS?
Turn to ISN pages 28 - 29
Archae & EuBACTERIA Kingdom Comparison
Kingdom PRO OR
UniCelled
OR
MultiCelled?
Auto or Harm?
Hetero
Archaebacteria
PROkaryotic
Uni
Hetero;
some
are
Auto
Eubacteria
PRO
Uni
Eukaryotic
Beneficial?
Disease Symbiosis –
!!!!
help break
down food in
us & other
animals!; help
make dairy
products;
important to
ecosystem;
decomposers;
(break down
dead
organisms);
break down oil
JUST AN FYI
Most
abundant
org. in
world!!
Small
fraction
cause
disease;
PROTISTA & FUNGI Kingdom Comparison
Kingdom
PROkaryotic
OR EU
Uni OR
MultiCelled?
Auto or
Hetero
Harmful?
Helpful?
JUST AN FYI
Protista
Eu
Mostly
multi,
some
single
Some
Hetero
& Some
Auto
Some cause
disease =
Malaria +
“Don’t drink
the water..?”
+ Red tide
Food chain +
Diatoms may
be the “World
Champion” of
oxygen
production!
Some can be
plant-like,
some animallike, some
fungus-like;
Fungi
Eu
Some
single,
some
multi
Hetero
– they
are NOT
plants!
Bread mold,
Plant disease
(damage
orange trees,
strawberry
crops, peach
trees); also
athletes foot
& ringworm
Decomposers
(return
nutrients to
soil) + Food
(mushroom,
blue cheese
dressing) +
Medicine
(Penicillium is
source of
penicillin!)
Largest
organism in the
world living in
Oregon –
mostly
underground =
1500 football
fields!
PLANTAE & ANIMALIA Kingdom Comparison
Kingdom
PROkaryotic
OR
Eukaryotic
Uni-Celled Auto or
OR Multi- Hetero
Celled?
Harmful?
Helpful?
Plantae
EU
Multi
Auto
Non-Native Oxygen;
& Invasive Food
plants
(coffee,
spices) +
clothing +
lumber +
MEDICINE
(homes
for
animals)
Some have
vascular
tissue
(veins) some
don’t
Animalia
EU
Multi
Hetero
Humans!
Most
physically
diverse
group in the
world!
Food
JUST AN FYI
Name the Kingdom!
Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, Protista, Fungi,
Plantae, Animalia
1. The ‘true’ bacteria – a group of prokaryotes, similar to
ancient fossil bacteria that produce by chemosynthesis
rather than by photosynthesis.
2. Many organisms; can be eukaryotic plant-like, animallike, or fungus-like organism, some unicellular and some
multicellular, lacking complex organ systems and living
in a moist environment.
3. The ‘ancient’ bacteria - group of prokaryotes found in
extreme environments that have a wide variety of
structures and types of metabolism.
Name the Kingdom!
Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, Protista, Fungi,
Plantae, Animalia
4. Multicellular, eukaryotic, consumers that eat and
digest other organisms for food – are able to
move and have tissues organized into organs and
complex organ systems.
5. Mostly multicellular heterotrophic eukaryote
that absorbs nutrients by decomposing dead
organisms.
6. Stationary, multicellular eukaryotes that
photosynthesize.
Stop Think And Review
What questions do you
have regarding
the 6 Kingdoms?
Lets look at some pictures of Protists, and Fungi
Kingdom Plantae
Most plantsare AUTOtrophic = SELF Feeding
Some are even HeTeRotropic!!! = OtHeR feeding 
they do NOT have chlorophyll!
Indian Pipe = also a parasite
Snow plant – Parasites on other green plants
Kingdom Protista
Lots of Variety!
Plant like, Animal like, Fungus like
Plant AND
Animal-Like
Plant-Like
Animal-Like
Animal-Like
Kingdom Fungi
These are NOT plants!!!
Used for Food & Food Production
•Blue Cheese,Mozzarella
•Soy Sauce
•Chocolate
•Many soft drinks
Stop Think And Reflect
Did we reach our goal?
Our goal today was for me to give you a good review
of the work you did on Thursday & Friday!
1. Did you reach that goal? How do you know that you
reached the goal?
2. What are you going to do if you did not reach that
goal??
EOCA = End of Class Assignment
1. MiniSummative tomorrow!
Be the change you wish to see in the world