Transcript Water Cycle
Cycles Cycle- events that repeat over and again a) like phases of the moon, seasons, or In earth systems, the elements can’t be created or destroyed, just change where they are. Locations where elements can be stored are called “reservoirs”. Water Cycle What are the reservoirs? Carbon Cycle What are the reservoirs? Nitrogen Cycle What are the reservoirs? I. Introduction and Definitions A. Water Treatment 1. Making water that is dirty or contaminated acceptable for use by humans 2. Can be done by filtration, distillation (evaporating water and re-condensing it), or by natural processes - B. Sewage Treatment 1. Taking human wastewater (sewage water) and cleaning it to be released into a natural reservoir 2. Done through a process of filtering out large objects, breaking down waste using bacteria, and more filtration combined with chemical treatment. II. Water treatment A. Good water and “dirty” water 1. Plants and animals usually like water that is clear and clean, with no particles. 2. Water with a lot of particles can cause harm to: a) Fish- particles get caught in their gills, and suffocate the fish b) Water plants and algae- they can’t get light to make food c) water animals- since plants don’t have light for photosynthesis, there isn’t enough oxygen in the water for other organisms 3. Clear water is what works best for life in lakes, streams, and rivers. 4. Clear, clean water is what works for humans too! B. Human Water Treatment 1. Filtration- removing suspended particles by passing them through a filter a) different filters catch larger or smaller particles b) Some particles are as big as rocks, some are as small as atoms of salt 2. Distillation- separating water from the suspended particles by evaporating water and condensing it again in a separate area a) Used to make sea water (salt water) into fresh water b) Heat up water, it evaporates and leaves particles (salt); when it rises, it cools on a sloped surface, and then droplets form and collect in another area C. Water Treatment by Nature 1. Water in very fast, turbulent rivers picks up mud and small particles that makes the water hard for living things to live in. 2. Slow moving water allows nutrients and particles to settle a) flat areas allow nutrients to settle b) water becomes clear again 3. Wetlands have plants that catch particles and use them as nutrients, cleaning out the water 4. Bugs, bacteria, fungi, and other floating organisms can filter the water and take out nutrients from the water III. Sewage (Wastewater) Treatment A. Stage One: Pretreatment 1. Filtering of large objects, including food scraps, rags, sticks, cans, ect. 2. Water is slowed down to let sand, grit, and pebbles to settle. 3. Floating materials (oil, grease) are skimmed off the top 4. The remaining water is a brown, gross mixture B. Stage Two: Breaking down organic waste 1. Bacteria are used to break down the organic waste that is in the water. 2. Oxygen is mixed with the water, and bacteria break down the waste 3. The bacteria make large flakes of their own waste, which settle on the bottom C. Stage Three: Filtration and Chemical treatment 1. Water is filtered to capture toxins, small particles, and nutrients a) Water can be filtered through large amounts of sand b) can be run through a manmade wetland c) can have more bacteria, fungi, and algae added to remove nutrients 2. Chemicals are added to the remaining water to destroy any other living things, and to remove odors. Chlorine, Iodione D. Sludge Removal 1. Sludge is the materials removed from water during Sewage treatment 2. It can be disposed of by composting, digestion by bacteria, and burning. 3. Some is thrown into garbage dumps 4. Water that is released is often released into a stream or wetlands, where it is cleaned even more by natural processes What happens when you add too much at once? Why does it go up and down every year? Wally the water molecule! Wally the water molecule was a happy little guy, Floating along in the great big blue sky. But suddenly one day, the air became chilly, So he and his friends had to get together (which is silly)! But they became so heavy that they fell from the sky! They knew they had to get back home, but they didn’t know why. So Wally and his friends fell down and they plopped, And they slid down a hill and into some crops! Wally was frightened, he wanted to be home; He sunk into the ground, but he wasn’t alone! His friends were all there, in the cracks and the spaces But to get home now, they’d have to go places. Wally squeezed through every crack and hole, He was moving through rock like a sweet little mole. After years and years, Wally escaped the ground, And what a wonderfully large pool he’d found! His friends were all there, a swimming and splashin’, But he had no idea what was about to happen… Wally was swimming and splashing along, When he was struck by the sun like a gong. The sun heated him till he floated and flew, And he floated back up to the clouds brand new! So Wally was home, all safe and sound, But the very next day he fell to the ground! So his journey began again that same day, And he’ll be back again some how, some way.