Transcript The Biotechnology Century and Its Workforce

Active Lecture
Questions
Chapter 20
Antimicrobial
Drugs
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which of the following pairs is
mismatched?
a. antihelminthic—inhibition of oxidative
phosphorylation
b. antihelminthic—inhibition of cell wall synthesis
c. antifungal—injury to plasma membrane
d. antifungal—inhibition of mitosis
e. antiviral—inhibition of DNA synthesis
All of the following are modes of action
of antiviral drugs except
a. inhibition of protein synthesis at 70S
ribosomes.
b. inhibition of DNA synthesis.
c. inhibition of RNA synthesis.
d. inhibition of uncoating.
e. none of the above
Which of the following modes of action
would not be fungicidal?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
inhibition of peptidoglycan synthesis
inhibition of mitosis
injury to the plasma membrane
inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis
none of the above
An antimicrobial agent should meet all
of the following criteria except
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
selective toxicity.
the production of hypersensitivities.
a narrow spectrum of activity.
no production of drug resistance.
none of the above
The most selective antimicrobial activity
would be exhibited by a drug that
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
inhibits cell wall synthesis.
inhibits protein synthesis.
injures the plasma membrane.
inhibits nucleic acid synthesis.
all of the above
Antibiotics that inhibit translation have
side effects
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
because all cells have proteins.
only in the few cells that make proteins.
because eukaryotic cells have 80S ribosomes.
at the 70S ribosomes in eukaryotic cells.
none of the above
Which of the following will not affect
eukaryotic cells?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
inhibition of the mitotic spindle
binding with sterols
binding to 80S ribosomes
binding to DNA
All of the above will affect them.
Cell membrane damage causes death
because
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
the cell undergoes osmotic lysis.
cell contents leak out.
the cell plasmolyzes.
the cell lacks a wall.
none of the above
A drug that intercalates into DNA has
the following effects. Which one leads to
the others?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
It disrupts transcription.
It disrupts translation.
It interferes with DNA replication.
It causes mutations.
It alters proteins.
Chloramphenicol binds to the 50S portion
of a ribosome, which will interfere with
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
transcription in prokaryotic cells.
transcription in eukaryotic cells.
translation in prokaryotic cells.
translation in eukaryotic cells.
DNA synthesis.
The birth of modern chemotherapy is
credited to the efforts of
a.
b.
c.
d.
Alexander Fleming
Paul Ehrlich
Robert Koch
Louis Pasteur
What was the first antibiotic discovered?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Tetracycline
Erythromycin
Streptomycin
Penicillin
More than half of our antibiotics are
produced by species of
a.
b.
c.
d.
Mycobacterium
Streptomyces
Clostridium
Bacillus
Which of the following are the easiest to
treat with antimicrobial agents?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Viruses
Fungi
Bacteria
Protozoa
Practically all antibiotic-producing
microbes have the ability to produce a(n)
a.
b.
c.
d.
Exotoxin
Spore
Endotoxin
Capsule
What is the mode of action of the drug
penicillin?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Protein synthesis inhibition
Plasma membrane injury
Nucleic acid inhibition
Cell wall inhibition
How many major modes of action are
utilized by antimicrobial drugs?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Four
Five
Three
Six
Some antimicrobial agents demonstrate
competitive inhibition, as is represented
by the relationship of sulfanilamide and
a.
b.
c.
d.
Peptidoglycan
Para-aminobenzoic acid
Teichoic acid
Muramic acid
The antifungal drug amphotericin
combines with sterols to disrupt the
activity of the fungus. Its mode of action
is to
a.
b.
c.
d.
Inhibit the synthesis of essential metabolites
Injure the plasma membrane
Inhibit nucleic acid synthesis
Inhibit cell wall synthesis
Which test determines the activity of
antimicrobials?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Kirby-Bauer test
Broth dilution test
Coagulase test
-lactamase test
Which of the following are more resistant
to antibiotics?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Gram-positive bacteria
Gram-negative bacteria
Acid-fast bacteria
Diphtheroids
Strains of bacteria resistant to antibiotics
are particularly common among
a.
b.
c.
d.
Hospital patients
IV drug users
Hospital workers
The general population
In developed parts of the world, it is
estimated that viruses are responsible
for at least
a.
b.
c.
d.
60% of infectious illnesses
50% of infectious illnesses
75% of infectious illnesses
90% of infectious illnesses
The treatment of bacterial endocarditis is
much more effective when both penicillin
and streptomycin are used together than
when taken alone. This is an example of
a.
b.
c.
d.
Symbiosis
Commensalism
Synergism
Antagonism
At the beginning of the twenty-first
century, the infections of which of the
following are among the ten leading
causes of death in the United States?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Bacteria
Fungi
Helminths
Viruses