Transcript 2. Bifidobacterium animalis- digestive regularity 3. E. Coli

Get out…
Brainpop sheet
2. Bacteria GO notes
3. 2 blank sheets of paper (1 to use now and 1 to use
later)
1.
  Project presentations first! 
Write these terms down on a separate sheet!
Test FRIDAY!!! Study, Study, Study!
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Will include:
Intro to Biology
Lab safety
Lab equipment
Scientific Method
Variables
Classification
Characteristics of 6 Kingdoms
Cladograms
Dichotomous Keys
Protists
Bacteria/Viruses
ALL THAT WE HAVE COVERED SINCE DAY 1
EXIT PASS- FEBRUARY 1ST
KWL
 Complete a KWL chart on Bacteria.
 You will need this sheet of paper throughout the
notes.
K
W
L
Bacteria
 Tim and Moby time!
Bacteria GO Sheet
Definition: Single celled, microscopic organisms.
One of the 6 kingdoms.
Type of cell: Prokaryote- no nucleus.
Reproduction: Asexual-Fission (for majority)
Reproduce very quickly!
 TWO TYPES: Eubacteria and Archaea; evolved
3.5 billion years ago.
BACTERIA= PROKARYOTE
 NO NUCLEUS—BUT STILL HAS DNA AND
RIBOSOMES
Bacteria
 The most:

abundant life form on the planet; life would not exist without them.
 Where do they live?
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1.Food
2. Water
3. Air
4. Bodies
 How are they defeated?
 Antibiotics *if taken properly. Finish the prescription!!!
Nice Bacteria- Probiotics
1. Lactobacillus: lives in
your stomach…some
used for production of
food (yogurt, cheese,
sauerkraut, pickles)
2. Bifidobacterium animalisdigestive regularity
3. E. Coli- aids digestion
Mean Bacteria
Streptococcus: Strep Throat
Clostridium tetani : Tetanus
Yersinia pestis: The Bubonic Plague
The many shapes of bacteria
 1. Rods- “Bacilli” (bacillus)
 2. Spheres- “Cocci” (coccus)
 3. Spirals- “Spirilla” (spirillum)
How can they move?
 1. Cilia
 2. Flagella
K-W-L for Viruses
 complete a KWL for viruses.
 GET OUT:
 BRAINPOP SHEET
 GO NOTES FROM YESTERDAY
 KWL CHART
 BACTERIA RESEARCH SHEET (WILL DO VIRUS
RESEARCH TODAY)
 http://videos.howstuffworks.com/tlc/29852-
understanding-viruses-video.htm
 Viruses are so
tiny, they were
not discovered
until after the
electron
microscope was
invented in the
early 1900s.

http://videos.howstuffworks.com/hs
w/8060-viruses-the-electronmicroscope-and-viruses-video.htm
Virus GO sheet
 Definition:
 A strand of DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein
coating; non-living; Do not have organelles or a cell
membrane; Come in a variety of shapes.
 Structure
Level=simple
Made of
Nucleic acids
and protein
This virus
attacks bacteria
and is known as a bacteriophage.
Viruses!
 Tim and Moby are back!
 DNA:
 Deoxyribonucleic acid- a blueprint for your body; all
the plans for the way your body functions.
 RNA: DNA’s messenger; A virus that contains RNA
is called a retrovirus. i.e. polio, hepatitis C
Examples of Viruses We Know
 Pathogenic Viruses=bad
 Cold sores
 Measles (RNA)
 Chicken pox
 Colds
 Flu (RNA)
 AIDS
 Ebola
 Pink eye
 SARS (RNA)
 hepatitis C (RNA)
 West Nile fever (RNA)
 Polio (RNA)
Usually viral, but sometimes bacterial
Steps of
Infection
How do viruses infect/multiply?
 All viruses can do is make copies of themselves.
 BUT…
 They cannot do it without the help of a living cell
called a HOST CELL.
 http://www.tvdsb.on.ca/Westmin/science/sbi3a1/Bacvirus/Virusrep.ht
m
 Once the virus is in the host cell, it can be active
or become latent (“undercover”).
 Examples of viruses that
can be latent:
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Hepatitis B, HIV
How can viruses spread?
Contact
2. Bodily fluid
3. Insect bites
4. Waste materials
1.
Are they ALL bad?
 No.
A Virus Attacking a Host Cell Video
 http://www.hhmi.org/biointeractive/animations/inf
ection/inf_middle_frames.htm
Write the following on your KWL charts
How does the flu shot work?
1. Injects a small amount of the weakened virus.
2. Causes antibodies to develop in the body.
3. These antibodies provide protection against
influenza virus infection.
 However, there are many different strains that
are constantly changing.
HIV Discovery
 http://videos.howstuffworks.com/discovery-
health/4907-100-greatest-discoveries-medicinevideo.htm
So, what’s the difference between a virus and
bacteria? Complete the Venn diagram on a
separate sheet of paper.
•Living or
non-living
cell?
•Prokaryotic or
eukaryotic?
•Unicellular or
multicellular?
•Antibiotics work or
don’t work?
•Living or
non-living
cell?
•Write TWO
similarities
•Considered a cell?
•Antibiotics work or
don’t work?
•Good or bad?
•Good or bad?
Reflect- 15 minutes to complete- hand in at the
end of class.
Look at the chart on pg. 483 in your book
1.
1.
Do you think viruses should be considered a form of life?
Describe the reasons for your opinion.
2. What is the difference between a bacteriophage and
a prophage?
3. Create a venn diagram for a lytic infection and a
lysogenic infection.
4. Give one example of how bacteria maintain
equilibrium in the environment.
5. Look at Figure 19-16 on pg. 490, how might
farmers prevent the spread of plant viruses?
Shapes!
Complete at the end of class as an exit ticket.
Circle
Write two things
you learned
during the lesson.
Square
Heart
Write two things
you enjoyed most
from today’s
lesson.
Write two things
you are still
unsure about.
PROTIST BROCHURE
Euglena
Amoeba
Paramecium
Workbook pg. 225-226
1.
No, they do not exhibit any characteristics of life?
What are the characteristics of life?
2. Bacteriophage- a virus that infects bacteria.
Prophage- lysogenic viral DNA that is emedded in the
host’s DNA.
2. Lytic infection- a virus enters a cell, makes copies of
itself and causes the cell to burst.
Lysogenic infection- a virus embeds its DNA into the
DNA of the host cell and replicates.
Similarities? Both infect.
4. Some are producers, others are decomposers and
others have human uses.
5. Farmers can prevent the spread of plant viruses by
immediately destroying any infected plants.
draw the 5 steps on a
separate sheet of paper.
Honors Homework- due TUESDAY!
 Research a type of bacteria or virus.
 Discuss the name of the virus, when it was
discovered, who discovered it, the shape of the virus,
if there is a vaccine/antibiotic, the symptoms and
any other important information.
 Please attach the resources you used to the
summary.
GET STARTED ON
PG. 217-219 IN YOUR
WORKBOOK!
  Short Quiz tomorrow on Viruses/bacteria  
Mrs. Eberling’s Progress Report
 1. What has been your favorite activity thus far?
 2. What has been your least favorite activity thus far?
 3. What has helped you the most in Biology class?
 4. What has helped you the least in Biology class?
 5. What do you suggest to help you learn better for
the Biology EOC?
 6. Once you have turned in this progress report, raise
your hand and I will bring you yours.
Tomorrow: Read Ch. 20 Section 1
 1. Short Quiz
 2. Begin Protists- Stations