Transcript Btec Level 2 Science B1

Btec Level 2 Science B1
Portfolio Work
Grading criteria P1 • describe the main
characteristics within the
major classification groups
• construct simple
identification keys
Grading criteria M1 • explain the need to classify
organisms
Grading criteria D1 • discuss the characteristics
which are used to
distinguish the major
groups
Btec B1 Lesson 1
Aims:
• Understand the characteristics of
living things
• Know what all living things must do
in order to continue their existence
Activities
• Use longman FND book 1 (page 6-7)
• What are the seven characteristics of life?
• Make an A4 poster to explain to a friend in
Year 10 what the seven life processes
are?
• What does the Acronym MRS GREN mean?
• Include your own (but different) acronym
in your poster
• Ask Mr Connett to demo and explain the
bunsen burner… Is it alive?
When finished…
• The characteristics of life will form
the introduction page to the
assessment for Unit B1
Btec B1 Lesson 2
Aims:
• Understand the difference between
virus and bacteria
Why...
• This will form part of your
assessment for B1
Questions to discuss...
• Why are the words not in english?
• What language are they in?
• Why has the grouping changed over
the last 250 years?
Linnaeus
1735
2
kingdoms
(not
treated)
Haeckel
Chatton
1866
1937 2
3
empires
kingdoms
Prokaryo
ta
Copeland
1956
4
kingdoms
Monera
Whittaker
Woese
1969
1977
5
6 kingdoms
kingdoms
Woese
1990
3 domains
Eubacteria
Bacteria
Archaebacte
ria
Archaea
Monera
Protista
Protista
Protista
Fungi
Fungi
Protista
Vegetabili
a
Animalia
Plantae
Animalia
Plantae
Eukarya
Plantae
Plantae
Animalia
Animalia
Animalia
Task 1
• Use AQA text books, page 56-61 and
• Longman FND page 34-41 to
research the difference between
virus and bacteria.
• Complete worksheet
Homework...
• Complete task sheet on Fungi /
protists
Btec B1 Lesson 3
Aims:
• Understand the difference between
virus and bacteria
Why...
• This will form part of your
assessment for B1
Linnaeus
1735
2
kingdoms
(not
treated)
Haeckel
Chatton
1866
1937 2
3
empires
kingdoms
Prokaryo
ta
Copeland
1956
4
kingdoms
Monera
Whittaker
Woese
1969
1977
5
6 kingdoms
kingdoms
Woese
1990
3 domains
Eubacteria
Bacteria
Archaebacte
ria
Archaea
Monera
Protista
Protista
Protista
Fungi
Fungi
Protista
Vegetabili
a
Animalia
Plantae
Animalia
Plantae
Eukarya
Plantae
Plantae
Animalia
Animalia
Animalia
ICT Research...
• We are looking at the 5 kingdom system from
1969.
• This lesson you have to complete some initial
research into the five Kindoms.
• Wikipedia is a good place to start
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_(biology)
Btec B1 Lesson 3b
Aims:
• Understand the characteristics of
Plants and how they are classified
Why...
• This will form part of your
assessment for B1
Task...
• In groups of 4
• Walk behind the all-weather pitch
and collect small samples of at least
10 different plants.
• Bring back to classroom.
Task...
•
•
•
•
Arrange your plants in groups
Make a key to help identification
You could start like this...
Use the worksheet to help...
Start Here...
Is it a flowering plant..?
Yes
No
What colour are the flowers..?
White
Blue
Yellow
The idea is...
Your plant is identified
by answering a series
of questions...
Sorting it out...
• http://wwwsaps.plantsci.cam.ac.uk/trees/intro1
a.htm
• http://www.biology4all.com/picture_
gallery/british_plants.asp
latin name – Common Name
Btec B1 Lesson 4
Aims:
• Research the characteristics of
vertebrate and invertebrates.
Why...
• This will form part of your
assessment for B1
Task...
• Produce a tree map, showing the
classification of various groups pf
animals
Linnaeus
1735
2
kingdoms
(not
treated)
Haeckel
Chatton
1866
1937 2
3
empires
kingdoms
Prokaryo
ta
Copeland
1956
4
kingdoms
Monera
Whittaker
Woese
1969
1977
5
6 kingdoms
kingdoms
Woese
1990
3 domains
Eubacteria
Bacteria
Archaebacte
ria
Archaea
Monera
Protista
Protista
Protista
Fungi
Fungi
Protista
Vegetabili
a
Animalia
Plantae
Animalia
Plantae
Eukarya
Plantae
Plantae
Animalia
Animalia
Animalia
•
•
•
•
•
You must describe the main characteristics of the
major classification groups. Construct simple
identification keys.
Monera
Protista
Fungi
Plantae
Animalia
A table is a good way to present your information
You will also need to include a key that will help a biologist
identify an organism. You could use one you have
previously made or complete further research from the
internet. It must be you own work – a printed /
photocopied key is not sufficient.
Describe [give a clear description that includes all the
relevant features. Think of it as painting a picture with
words.]
Whittaker
1969
5 kingdoms
Monera
Protista
Fungi
Plantae
Animalia
Information…
• Jones & Jones
Page 500…
• A2 Biology
Page 60…
Name of
group
Example
Diagram
Describe
the
charact
eristics
Monera
Protista
Fungi
Plantae
Animali
a
Part 2 - Merit
• Explain the need to classify
organisms
• For this part of the assessment you must
explain the system of classification and
why we need it. You will need to explain
the benefits of the system and possible
drawbacks.
• Research and write out 1 organism’s
Linnaean classification (kingdom,
phylum, class, order, family, genus,
species)
•
Explain [Provide details and give
reasons and/or evidence to clearly
support the argument you are making]
Classification…
• System is based on similarities between
organisms
• Organisms below a group – share common
features (e.g. vertebrate, fungi)
• Naming organisms (scientific) follows a
simple rule. This means that new species
can be given a name
• Biologists can place organisms with similar
characteristics in groups.
• Some features in a group may not seem
obvious. This means that the grouping
system may initially seem wrong.
Part 3 – Distinction
• Discuss the characteristics which
are used to distinguish the major
groups.
• For this part of the assignment You
have to discuss advantages and
disadvantages of the main
characteristics of the five groups.
• Discuss [provide in depth
information about a topic. Explain
arguments for and against. Provide
your own conclusion]
Diagram
Describe the characteristics
Choose three
characteristics and explain
why it is beneficial to the
organism
Which characteristics are
not beneficial to the
organism?
Presenting the information
in a table will help
organize your coursework.
Animalia
Example
Plantae
Fungi
Protista
Monera
Name of group
Kingdom
Structural
Organisation
Method of
Nutrition
Types of
Organisms
Named
Species
Total
Species
(estimate)
Monera
Small, simple single
Prokaryotic
Cell (nucleus is not
enclosed by a
membrane); some
form chains or mats.
Absorb food
Bacteria, bluegreen algae and
spirochetes
4,000
1,000,000
Protista
Large, single eukaryotic
cell (nucleus is
enclosed by a
membrane); some
form chains or
colonies.
Absorb, ingest
and/or
photosynthesize
food.
Protozoan and algae
of various types
80,000
600,000
Fungi
Multicellular
filamentous form with
specialised eukaryotic
cells.
Absorb food
Funguses, moulds,
mushrooms, yeasts,
mildews and smuts
72,000
1,500,000
Plantae
Multicellular form with
specialised eukaryotic
cells; do not have their
own means of
locomotion.
Photosynthesize
food
Mosses, ferns,
woody and non
woody flowering
plants.
270,000
320,000
Animalia
Multicellular form with
specialised eukaryotic
cells; have their own
means of locomotion.
Ingest food
Sponges, worms,
insects, fish,
amphibians,
reptiles, birds and
mammals
1,326,239
9,812,298
Kingdom
Monera
Protista
Fungi
Plantae
Animalia
Structural
Organisation
Method of
Nutrition
Types of
Organisms
Named
Species
Total
Species
(estimate)
Monera
• Monera are bacteria and
other mostly tiny, singlecelled organisms whose
genetic material is loose in
the cell.
• Bacteria are very simple
organisms which are made
of cells with no nucleus.
They eat, they are capable
of reproducing themselves,
and they have a membrane
which separates the inside
of themselves from the
outside world. Blue-green
algae are an example of
one kind of bacteria.
Protist
• Protists are a
diverse group of
eukaryotic
microorganisms.
• Organisms (with
nucleated cells)
that are not
considered true
animals, plants,
fungi; includes
algae
Fungi
• Molds, mildews, yeasts,
mushrooms, and puffballs,
a group of organisms
lacking in chlorophyll (i.e.,
are not photosynthetic) and
which are usually nonmobile, filamentous, and
multicellular.
• Some grow in soil, others
attach themselves to
decaying trees and other
plants whence they obtain
nutrients. Some are
pathogens, others stabilize
sewage and digest
composted waste.
Plantae
• An organism that is
not an animal,
especially an
organism capable of
photosynthesis
Animal
• Animals are a major group
of multicellular, eukaryotic
organisms of the kingdom
Animalia.
• Their body plan eventually
becomes fixed as they
develop, although some
undergo a process of
metamorphosis later on in
their life. Most animals are
motile, meaning they can
move spontaneously and
independently. Animals are
also heterotrophs, meaning
they are dependent on
other organisms
Taxonomic
rank
Plant
example
Animal
example
kingdom
plant
animal
phylum
angiosperm
chordate
class
dicotyledon
mammal
order
urticales
carnivore
family
urticaceae
felidae
genus
urtica
panthera
species
dioica
tigris
Common
name
Stinging
nettle
tiger
Largest
smallest
• Kingdom - Animalia
• Phylum - Chordata
• Class - Chondrichthyes
• SubClass - Elasmobranchia
• Order - Lamniforme
• Family - Laminidae
• Genus - Carcharadon
• Species - Carcharadon Carcharias
Taxonomic
rank
Plant
example
Animal
example
kingdom
plant
animal
phylum
angiosperm
chordate
class
dicotyledon
mammal
order
urticales
carnivore
family
urticaceae
felidae
genus
urtica
panthera
species
dioica
leo
Common
name
Stinging
nettle
lion
Largest
smallest
Taxonomic
rank
Name…
Picture:
kingdom
phylum
class
order
family
genus
species
Common
name
Subspecies or Breeds:
Dogs and Cats
• Tigers and Lions – different species
Do not (generally) interbreed
• Dogs
Labrador, red setter, collie etc.
• These are sub species – not significantly
different from each other
Sub species can interbreed.
• Sub species in the wild are generally
separated by a mountain range or a large
body of water
Taxonomic
rank
kingdom
phylum
class
order
family
genus
Animal
example
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
animal
Phylum:
Chordata
chordate
Class:
Mammalia
mammal
Order:
Carnivora
carnivore
Family:
Canidae
felidae
Genus:
Canis
Species:
C. lupus
Subspecies:
C. l. familiaris
panthera
species
leo
Common
name
lion
Trinomial name
Canis lupus familiaris
(Linnaeus, 1758)
Improving Coursework
• Most people had problems with…
• P(a)
Write a simple definition of
Classification
• M(i)
Explain why it is necessary to classify
organisms and the advantages of the
Linnaean system
P(a) – You must achieve this else
FAIL
• Explain why biologists put things into
groups.
• Discuss…
– Similar characteristics within groups
– What happens when a new species is
found
– How organisms below a level have
common features
M(h) – You need this for a Merit
• Why its necessary to classify
organisms.
– Discuss what happens when biologists
find a new organism.
– They look at the features and put it in
the appropriate group based on
Kingdom, phylum, class etc.
– It’s then easy to put new organisms into
groups
– Discuss the language used (Latin) and
why