Transcript Common characteristics - Effingham County Schools

Domain
Archaea
Bacteria
Eukarya
Kingdom
Protista1
Kingdom
Archaebacteria
Kingdom
Eubacteria
Kingdom
Fungi
2
Kingdom
Plantae
3
Kingdom
4
Animalia
DOMAIN
KINGDOM
CELL TYPE
Bacteria
Eubacteria
Archaea
Archaebacteria
Eukarya
Protista
Prokaryotes
Fungi
Plantae
Animalia
Eukaryotes
COMMON
CHARACTERISTICS
NUMBER OF
CELLS
unicellular
multicellular
MODE OF
NUTRITION
EXAMPLES
REPRODUCTION
Domain Archaea
- Kingdom Archaebacteria
Common
characteristics
Cell wall with NO
peptidoglycan, microscopic
Mode of
Nutrition
Autotroph or heterotroph
Examples
Live in extreme environments
(extremophiles) such as
Halococcus which lives in
extremely salty water like the
Dead Sea, Methanogens.
Reproduction: Asexual (Binary fission)
‘Sexual’ through conjugation.
Habitat: Harsh, extreme environments such
As salt lakes, hot springs (Thermophiles),
thermal vents, arctic waters and
digestive tract of animals (Methanogens)
Harm or use to humans:
Those living in the digestive tract of
animals help with digestion.
Found in hot thermal vents deep under
the ocean.
Bacteria ‘strain 121’ found in 2003 –
‘hottest’ bacteria to date.
Live in water temperatures of up to 121C
Hot springs in
Yellow Stone National Park
Archaebacteria contribute
to the bright colors.
Domain Bacteria
- Kingdom Eubacteria
Common
characteristics
Mode of
Nutrition
3 Basic Shapes – Cocci(Round),
Spirilla (spirals) and Bacilli (Rod
shaped)
Microscopic
Contain peptidoglycan in their cell
walls.
Autotroph
(Cyanobacteria) or
heterotroph (called
pathogens – cause illness
Examples
E. coli;
Salmonella,
Streptococci
Reproduction:
Asexual (Binary fission)
‘Sexual’ – Conjugation – exchange genetic
material.
Habitat:
Anywhere – water, soil, roots of plants, inside living cells.
Benefit or harm to humans:
Cyanobacteria produces oxygen
Source of food – yogurt, pickles, cheeses.
Breaks down pollutants – bioremediation
Cause disease – Salmonella, E. coli
Drawer
Domain Eukarya Junk
Kingdom or
- Kingdom Protista
Common
characteristics
Mode of
Nutrition
Examples
Catch All
kingdom
 Most diverse
Microscopic to very large
organisms, plant-like, funguslike and animal-like species.
Animal-like move with cilia,
flagella and pseudopodia.
Autotroph or heterotroph
Fungus-like protists act
as decomposers.
Slime molds, algae,
diatoms, kelp.
 Protists can be:
1. Plant-like
2. animal-like
3. fungus-like
Reproduction:
Sexually
Asexually – Algae through fragmentation.
Habitat:
Fresh water, oceans, land.
Benefit or harm to humans:
Phytoplankton provide oxygen
Dinoflagellates cause red tide in oceans.
May cause diseases like sleeping sickness
Fungus-like protists are decomposers.
Red tide caused by
dinoflagellates
Domain Eukarya
- Kingdom Fungi
Common
characteristics
Mode of
Nutrition
Examples
cell walls w/ chitin (no
chloroplasts),
No roots, stems or leaves.
Heterotroph,absorption, Some
parasitic, other decompose dead
matter (saprophytic)
Mushrooms, mold,
mildew, yeast (unicellular)
Reproduction: Unicellular fungi – asexually
Through binary fission and budding.
Multicellular fungi – sexually
Habitat: Soil, air, water
Benefit or harm to humans:
Main decomposers.
Pathogens cause diseases – athlete’s foot
Food – mushrooms, yeast to bake bread with.
Domain Eukarya
- Kingdom Plantae
Common
characteristics
Mode of
Nutrition
Examples
cell walls w/ cellulose,
chloroplasts,
Have stems, leaves, roots. Some
have seeds and vascular systems.
autotrophs
Grass, pine trees, oak
trees,etc.
Reproduction: Mainly sexually – pollen and seeds
Some asexually through stems, leaves, roots.
Habitat: Land
Benefit or harm to humans: Removes CO2 from the air,
Produces O2 through photosynthesis.
Food source
Used to produce clothes, furniture.
Domain Eukarya
- Kingdom Animalia
Common
characteristics
Mode of
Nutrition
Examples
No cell walls ; no
chloroplasts, 95% of the
kingdom are invertebrates.
heterotrophs
Lions, tigers, bears
Reproduction: Sexually
Habitat: Land, Fresh water, ocean.
Benefit or harm to humans: Insects
important for pollination, Some are
parasites, Food source
Humans are also animals!