Transcript STD Powerpoint

Chapter 29
Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Lesson 2: Common STDs and their
Treatments
Grade 12
Age 18
Sera Iyanoye
Lindsey Farrington
Queendoline Ekpo
Myths or Facts
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A vaccine can prevent the spread of STDs
You can have only on type of STD at a time
Some types of STDs are incurable and last a
lifetime
You can get STDs only if you have lots of
sexual partners
Myth or Facts
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Once infected with an STD, you cannot get it
again
You can still have an STD, even if the symptoms
go away
What is it?
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Sexually transmitted disease
Viral
Bacteria
Parasites
Who is at risk?
YOU
Scabies
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Microscopic mite Sarcoptes scabei infection of
the skin
Affects people of races and ages
Transmission
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Direct skin to skin contact with a person infected
Sharing clothes, towels and bedding
Up to a month on human body
48-72 hours away from human body
Scabies
Symptoms
 Pimple-like irritations
 Intense itching,
especially at night and
over most of the body
 Sores on the body
caused by scratching.
These sores can
sometimes become
infected with bacteria
Scabies
Treatment
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Special lotions prescribed by doctors
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All clothes should be washed with hot water
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Proper showers should be taken
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Every body in contact with infected person should
be treated
Pubic lice
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Pubic lice are parasitic insects
found in the genital areas of
human
It is commonly known as
crabs due to its shape
Transmission
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Usually spread through sexual
contact
Rarely spread through contact
with infected person bed
linens, towels, or clothes
Pubic lice
Where is it found?
Pubic hair on genital area
 Hair on legs, armpits, mustache, beard, eyebrows or
eyelashes
 Found on eyebrow or eyelashes in young children
 SIGNS; Itching in the genital area.
 Visible nits (lice eggs) or crawling lice
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Pubic lice
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Symptoms
Itching in the genital area
 Visible nits (lice eggs) or crawling lice
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Treatment
Pediculicide (1%): prescription
 Lindane (1%): non prescription
 For lice on eyebrows or eyelashes, remove with
fingernails or an ophthalmic grade petroleum
ointment available by prescription
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Gonorrhea
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Transmission
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Penis, vagina, anus,
mouth, with or without
ejaculation
Mother to baby during
pregnancy and childbirth
700,000 new
infection/year
Gonorrhea
Men’s Symptoms
 Burning sensation
when urinating
 Discharge of penis
 Itching
 Painful or swollen
testicles
Women’s Symptoms
 Burning sensation
when urinating
 Vaginal bleeding
between periods
 Increased vaginal
discharge
Gonorrhea
Opportunistic Infections
Women
pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
 infertility
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Men
Epididymitis
 infertility
 Connections with Chlamydia
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Gonorrhea
Treatment
Antibiotics can cure Gonorrhea
 Treatments will stop infections, not fix permanent
damage
 Re-infection is possible!
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Chlamydia
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Bacteria Chlamydia
trachomatis
2.8 million infected each
year
Symptoms
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Same as gonorrhea
Burning sensation while
urinating
Unusual discharges from
genitals
Chlamydia
Treatment
Cured with antibiotics
 Left untreated ; PID (40% of women), permanent
damage to fallopian tubes, uterus, infertility
 Men: complications are rare, sterility might occur
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Syphilis
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Bacterium Treponema pallidum
In the USA over 32,000 cases including 6,862
primary and secondary (P&S) cases in 2002
Between 2001 and 2002, the # of reported P&S
syphilis increase 12.4 percent
Rates in men are 3.5 times more that women
Rates highest in women 20 to 24 years old, men
between 35-39 years
Highest rates are found in southern states
Syphilis
Transmission
Direct contact with syphilis sore
 During vaginal, anal, and oral sex
 Sores occur mainly on vagina, anus, or in the rectum
 Sores can occur on lips and in the mouth
 Many sores are unrecognized, thus
most
transmission is from person unaware of infection
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Syphilis
Primary Stage
Symptoms
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Appearance of chancres
Time between infection
and symptoms might
range from 10 to 90 days
Chancre last 3 to 6 weeks,
and heals without
treatment. If untreated
progresses to secondary
stage
Syphilis
Secondary Stage.
Symptoms
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Skin rash and mucous
membrane lesions
Rashes can appear as
chancre is healing or
weeks after chancre heals
Fever, swollen lymph
glands, sore throat, patchy
hair loss, headache,
weight loss, muscle ache
and fatigue
Syphilis
Late stage.
Symptoms
Hidden stage leads to damage to internal organs like
hear, eyes, nerves, brain, liver, blood vessels, bones
and joints
 Difficulty coordinating muscle movements, paralysis,
numbness Gradual blindness, and dementia
 DEATH!
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Syphilis
Treatment
Single penicillin injection will cure infections that are
less than a year Additional dosage needed for
infection more than a year
 Treatment will kill bacteria but not repair damage
 Re-infection is possible!
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Trichomoniasis
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Parasite Trichomonas vaginalis
7.4 million new cases each year
Symptoms
Women: frothy yellow green vaginal discharge with
strong odor, itching in genitals, pain during urination
or intercourse
 Men: slight burning after urination or ejaculation,
mild discharge
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Trichomoniasis
Treatment
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Curable with prescribed antibiotics
HIV/AIDS
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HIV: Human Immunodeficiency Virus
HIV is the virus that causes AIDS
AIDS: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
Disease that destroys the body’s immune system,
leaving a person susceptible for life-threatening
illnesses
HIV/AIDS
Transmission
 Fluids: vaginal, semen, breast milk, blood
 Sexual contact with an infected person
 Sharing needles (shooting drugs) with infected
person
 Mother to baby during pregnancy
HIV/AIDS
Symptoms
 Dry cough
 Shortness of breath
 Weight loss
 Pink/purple blotches on
or under the skin
 Persistent vaginal yeast
infections
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Fever, chills, night sweats
Swollen glands in neck,
armpits, groin areas
Frequent diarrhea
Mouth sores
HIV/AIDS
Treatments
 No known cure, although there are drugs that
can slow the progress of HIV
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There are also drugs that can prevent or treat
opportunistic infections
HIV/AIDS
Opportunistic Infections
 Infections that occur as
result of weak immune
system caused by HIV
HPV
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Human Papillomavirus
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20 million people
infected
Low risk
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Genital wart of the anus,
cervix, vagina, vulva, penis
High Risk
Can lead to cancers of
the penis, vulva, cervix,
vagina
HPV
Transmission
 Skin to skin contact
HPV
Symptoms
 There are no symptoms although warts may be
present
 Treatments
There is no cure for HPV, but there is treatment
for genital warts
 Warts can be removed by freezing, burning,
laser treatment
 The body can naturally rid itself of the virus
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Herpes
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What is Herpes?
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Virus that causes
outbreaks of skin
blisters and sores in
genital area
Herpes
Symptoms
 Tingling, burning, pain in
genital area
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Difficult or painful
urination
Red areas on genitals
from blister bursting
Herpes
Transmission
 Sexual contact with person who has it
 Touching infected area of someone who has it
 Can be spread even if symptoms are not present
 Can spread during childbirth
Herpes
Herpes
 There is no known cure
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Medications can reduce the number of
outbreaks
http://www.trojancondoms.com/info_center/con
dom_use
Preventions and risk
reductions of STD.
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Abstinence (100% safe)
Talking to partners about
HIV/AIDS and other
STDs
Practicing safer sex
Not sharing needles
Any Questions?