Transcript Midterm Astronomy Review

Midterm Astronomy Review
-Groups of 3 or 4 (random).
-Send one person(top name) up
for a board, marker, and eraser.
-Get to a table with your group,
no study guides allowed!!!
How long ago did
the big bang occur?
A: 13.8 billion years ago
What is the term for all of the
leftover dust, debris, gas and
energy as a result of the big bang?
A: Background radiation
Objects that are completing what
astronomers call a blue shift are
moving in what direction in relation to
the viewer?
A: they are moving closer
to the viewer
The Nebular Theory, which
describes the formation of our
solar system is believed to have
began __________ years ago.
A: 4.6-5 billion
Draw a picture of each of the 3 types
of galaxies that exist in our universe.
Include which of these 3 is the most
common type.
Elliptical (most common)
Irregular – no shape
Spiral (milky way)
Barred
What characteristic of a star
determines how long that star will
live?
A: MASS
Large mass star = gas guzzler
Small mass star = hybrid
A large mass star will either end up
as a ______________ or a
______________
A: neutron star, black hole
The next step in the life cycle
of our star, the sun, is……
A: a red giant star
Approximately how many stars are in
our
UNIVERSE?
There are 100,000,000 (100 billion) in the Milky Way Galaxy
alone!
ANSWER: Over 1,000,000,000
(Trillion)
As size increases, what happens to
the overall temperature of a star?
A: temperature decreases because
volume increases (heat is spread over
a larger volume)
The color of the hottest stars in the
universe is____________.
The color of the coolest stars in the
universe is ____________.
A: Hottest = blue
Coolest = red
How are all of the heavier
elements, such as metals, created
in our universe?
A: They are created by the energy
of an exploding star (SUPERNOVA)
What is the difference between
revolution and rotation.
Answer:
Revolution is the path
around an object and
Rotation is the spinning on
an objects axis
The heliocentric model of our solar
system was supported by the
discovery that __________ went
through phases, just like our moon.
This also disproved the geocentric
model.
A: Venus, because it goes through phases
we know it must revolve around the sun
just like we do.
What 2 factors affect the force of
gravity between 2 objects?
A: Mass and distance
*As mass increases, gravity increases.
*As distance increases, gravity decreases.
List 2 of the 3 characteristics of
stars that are represented on a
Hertzsprung-Russel Diagram
A: Temperature
Color
Brightness
True or false: Groups of galaxies
held together by gravity are called
clusters.
A: True
What can be stated about the
revolutionary period of planets
that are further away from the
sun?
A: It takes LONGER to revolve
around the sun the further
away a planet is from the sun.
Define synchronous rotation
of our moon.
Answer
- The time it takes to rotate is equal
to the time it takes to revolve
Define a light-year.
A: The distance that light travels
in one year.
Draw a diagram labeling the
aphelion and the perihelion
Aphelion – “A” away
Which of the 4 major solar
storms is a CONSTANT stream
of high energy particles from
the sun?
A: solar wind – a constant stream of high
energy particles that is shot from the
sun’s corona.
The darker, cooler spots on the surface
of the sun are called _____________.
A: sunspots
The collisions between solar wind and
the Earth’s atmosphere cause
beautiful light shows and the north
and south poles called __________
A: auroras
Which 2 types of solar storms have the
ability to knock out satellites and
communication grids on Earth?
A: Solar wind and solar flares
What is the formula for eccentricity?
A: distance between foci/length of
major axis.
Length of major axis
Distance
between foci
FINAL JEOPARDY –
write down the
amount of points you
want to wager. You
have 10 seconds.
List the layers of the sun, beginning
from the inside and moving out.
ANSWER:
1)Core
2)Radiative Zone.
3)Convective Zone
4)Photosphere
5)Chromo sphere
6)Corona