Transcript Module 7 PowerPoint Slides - The Cancer 101 Curriculum

Cancer 101: A Cancer Education
and Training Program for
[Target Population]
Date
Location
Presented by:
Presenter 1
Presenter 2
Basics of Cancer Treatment
Cancer 101
Learning Module 7
Learning Objectives
At the completion of learning Module 7, you will be
able to:
• Discuss the Western approach [and target
population approach?] to cancer treatment
• Discuss the difference between local and
systemic treatment for cancer
• Describe the reason side effects occur with
cancer treatment
• Describe at least two side effects that can occur
as a result of cancer treatment
• Discuss the benefits of managing physical
effects of cancer and cancer treatment
How We Become Well Again
• For many [target population] diagnosed
with cancer, treatment often involves a
blend of both Western medicine and
[target population] medicine.
• Both may be necessary in the fight against
cancer.
Western Medicine
Characteristics of the Western medical
approach to cancer treatment include:
• Science based
• Focus on physical aspect of the disease
• Team of special doctors working together
to develop a treatment plan to fit the
patient’s situation
[Target Population] Medicine
Characteristics of [target population]
medicine include:
• xxxx
• xxxx
• xxxx
Holistic Approach
• Goal of treatment is centered on restoring
harmony and balance.
• [Target population] are most likely to
benefit when treatment is focused on a
holistic approach that involves a blending
of Western and [target population]
medicine.
Cancer Treatment
The treatment team:
• Patient
• Surgeons
• Medical oncologists
• Radiation oncologists
• Nurses
• Others
The treatment plan:
• Surgery
• Chemotherapy
• Radiation therapy
• Hormone therapy
• Biological therapy
• Stem cell transplant
• Clinical trial
Treatment Factors
Treatment for cancer depends on the
following factors:
• Type of cancer
• Size, location and stage of the disease
• General health of the individual
Local or systemic treatment?
Local treatment affects
cancer cells in the
tumor and the area
near it:
• Surgery
• Radiation therapy
Systemic treatment
travels through the
bloodstream reaching
cancer cells all over
the body:
• Chemotherapy
• Hormone therapy
• Biological therapy
Treatment Methods - Surgery
• The removal of the
cancerous tumor.
• May also include
removal of the
surrounding tissue
and lymph nodes
near the tumor.
Photo credit: Linda Bartlett | Source: NCI
Treatment Methods – Radiation
Therapy
• Use of high-energy
rays to kill cancer
cells
• Types:
– External (outside the
body)
– Internal (implanted in
the body)
Photo credit: Rhoda Baer | Source: NCI
Treatment Methods Chemotherapy
• The use of drugs to
kill cancer cells.
• Can be given:
– Intravenously (through
a vein)
– Oral/by mouth (pills)
– Injection (a shot in the
skin tissue or muscle)
– Topical (applied on the
skin)
Photo credit: Rhoda Baer | Source: NCI
Treatment Methods – Hormone
Therapy
• Used against certain cancers that depend
on hormones for their growth.
– Breast cancer
– Prostate cancer
• Anti-hormone treatment can cause these
cancers to go away or be controlled for a
time.
Treatment Methods – Biological
Therapy
• Also known as immunotherapy.
• May:
– Stop or slow the growth of cancer cells
– Make it easier for the immune system to
destroy cancer cells
– Keep cancer from spreading to other parts of
the body
Treatment Methods – Stem Cell
Transplantation
• Transplantation of blood-forming stem
cells enable patients to receive high doses
of chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy.
• Three types of stem cell transplants:
– Autologous
– Syngeneic
– Allogeneic
Treatment Methods – Clinical
Trials
• Research studies that evaluate promising
new therapies and answer scientific
questions.
• Cancer treatments available today are the
result of clinical trial research.
Complementary & Alternative
Medicine (CAM)
• Complementary medicine
• Alternative medicine
• Ensure safe and coordinated care – inform
your provider about any therapies you use
or are considering
Side Effects
• Side effects depend mainly on the type
and extent of the treatment.
– Surgery  Pain
– Radiation therapy  Tiredness, skin changes
– Chemotherapy  Hair loss, anemia,
tiredness, weakness, poor appetite, nausea,
vomiting, diarrhea, mouth or lip sores
– Biological therapy  Flu-like symptoms
– Hormone therapy  Weight gain, hot flashes,
nausea
Palliative Care
• Manage physical effects of cancer and/or
its treatment.
• Given in addition to treatment throughout
patient’s experience with cancer.
• Every person will have different palliative
care needs.
• Research shows it improves quality of life.
Case Study
• Martha had local and systemic treatment.
• Local:
– Surgery to remove the breast tumor
– External radiation therapy to the breast after
surgery.
• Systemic:
– Tamoxifen after surgery for prevention
• Complementary Medicine:
– Yoga
In Summary
• You now have an understanding of:
– Common cancer treatments and their
potential side effects.