Transcript Ch. 8-3 Cancer and the Cell Cycle

Welcome back to Biology class!
What to expect this semester:
1.
You’re grade starts fresh today!
2.
Grading policies will be the same as last semester, however late work
will only be accepted on the days that grades are posted (each
Monday/Tuesday).
3.
You still need to keep an organized binder. You should clear out
your work from last semester, but keep using your spiral.
4. What we will study:
a.
b.
c.
d.
The cell cycle (cell division and cancer)
Genetics and patterns of human inheritance.
Adaptations and evolution of organisms.
The classification of organisms.
Ch. 8-3 Cancer and the Cell Life Cycle
What we’ll learn:
•What is the normal life cycle of a human cell?
•What is cancer and how is it related to cells?
•What are some causes of cancer in humans?
The “Life Span” of a cell, aka the Cell Cycle
• The cells in your body
have a normal life
cycle.
• As your cells grow
and get older, they
replace themselves
through cell division.
Control of Cell Division
• Genes and enzymes in your cells control
when cells go through division.
• Some cells divide often: Skin cells (daily)
Some cells rarely (if ever) divide: Brain
cells
Cancer: A mistake in the Cell Cycle
• If a cell continues to rapidly divide and replace
itself without stopping, cancer may develop.
• Cancerous cells can form a mass of cells
called a tumor, which can deprive normal cells
of nutrients.
Cancer: A mistake in the Cell Cycle
• In later stages, cancer
cells enter the circulatory
system and spread
throughout the body, a
process called
metastasis, forming new
tumors that disrupt the
function of organs, organ
systems, and ultimately,
the organism.
The Causes of Cancer
• Environmental
factors, such as
cigarette smoke, air
and water pollution,
and exposure to
ultraviolet rays from
the sun, are all known
to damage the genes
that control the cell
cycle.
The Causes of Cancer
• Cancer may also be
caused by viral
infections that
damage the genes, or
mutations that change
the function of DNA
and genes.
Question 1
Explain cancer in terms of cell growth.
Question 1
Explain cancer in terms of cell growth.
Answer
Cancer is a malignant (harmful) growth
resulting from uncontrolled cell division.
The loss of control may be caused by
environmental factors, like UV radiation, or
mutations to DNA and genes.
Problem Solving Lab
• Get Whale Book and a Calculator.
• Open to page 212 .
• Answer questions 1-4 on a sheet of paper
titled # L-1 Understanding Cancer.
Answer to # 1
The most common type of cancer is Skin:
basal cell and squamous.
The least common type of cancer is Skin:
melanoma
Answer to #2
• Least treatable: Lung
• Most treatable: Skin: basal cell and
squamous.
Answer to #3
• Percent survival for breast cancer:
180,000 cases – 40,000 deaths =
140,000 survivors
140,000 survivors / 180,000 total cases =
0.78 x 100 = 78%
Answer to #4
• Add total number of cancer cases =
1,605,000
• Number of lung cancer = 170,000
• 170,000 / 1,605,000 = .10 x 100 = 10%