Transcript Using a UTM Grid Overlay - Beyond Crossroads Workshop

Beyond Crossroads:
Summer Workshop
Where
in the World
Am I?
3
MAC
2006 Project
Integrating Mathematics
with Geology
CWC Students & GPS
7 + 1 Standards
for Intellectual Development
from Crossroads and Beyond Crossroads
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Problem Solving
Modeling (real world situations)
Reasoning as they develop
convincing mathematical arguments
Connecting with other disciplines
Communicating mathematics
Using Technology to enhance
mathematical thinking & reasoning
7 + 1 Standards
for Intellectual Development
from Crossroads and Beyond Crossroads
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Developing mathematical power.
Students will engage in rich experiences that encourage independent
exploration in mathematics, develop and reinforce tenacity and confidence
in their abilities to use mathematics, and be inspired (them)* to pursue the
study of mathematics and related disciplines.
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Linking multiple representations.
Students will select, use, and translate among mathematical
representations-numerical, graphical, symbolic, and verbal-to organize
information and solve problems using a variety of techniques.
Topics Covered
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How to use a compass
How to read UTM’s from a Quad
using grid overlays
How to use a GPS
Using a compass
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Kinesthetic approach to degree
measurement
Brunton Baseplate Compass
Direction of Travel Arrow
Read Bearing Here
Parts
Azimuth Ring
Base Plate
Orienting Needle
Magnetic Needle
Compass Instructions
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Hold compass parallel to ground with
Direction of Travel Arrow pointing away
from you.
Be sure to avoid metal jewelry or belt
buckles.
Suppose you want to walk in the
direction of 270 degrees. (We are
inside, so your direction will not be
accurate…pretend we’re outside.)
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First, make sure
the hollow
orienting needle is
pointed North.
If it is not, stop
now and adjust
the azimuth ring
with the orienting
needle.
Next, rotate
the Azimuth
Ring so that
270º is at the
Direction of
Travel Arrow
Put “Fred to Bed”
Now, rotate your body and the entire
compass until the Magnetic Needle aligns
North with the Orienting Needle.
Using a
Compass
Finally, walk
following the
Direction of
Travel Arrow.
Your next direction is 120º. Set your compass and orient it.
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Suppose you would like to identify the bearing
from where you are standing to the nearest
doorway.
Face the doorway so that the direction of
travel arrow is pointing in the direction of the
doorway.
Rotate the magnetic needle until it is in the
orienting needle.
Read the bearing at the direction of travel
arrow. Remember, each tick mark represents 2
degrees.
Understanding UTM’s
Understanding UTM’s
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Unlike latitude and longitude, the
UTM system is man-made. (It was
developed by the U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers in the 1940’s.)
For this reason many scientists
object to using it.
Understanding UTM’s
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You may be familiar the Mercator
projection as appears on the left.
A Transverse Mercator projection appears
on the right.
The Transverse Mercator projection is very
accurate in narrow zones.
The world has 60 zones, each 6o.
Understanding UTM
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The globe is subdivided
into narrow longitude
zones, which are
projected onto a
Transverse Mercator
projection.
A grid is constructed on
the projection, and used
to locate points.
UTM’s
a.
b.
c.
A cylinder touching the
globe at the central
meridian of a longitude
zone lies entirely outside
the earth.
A cylinder that touches the
outer edges of the zone
lies entirely inside the
earth within the zone.
A cylinder that touches the
globe at two points is the
best compromise. The
scale along the central
meridian of each zone is
0.9996 of true scale. True
scale occurs about 180
kilometers east and west
of the central meridian.
Universal
Transverse
Mercator projection
Understanding UTM’s
The upside of the grid system is that, since the
grid is rectangular and decimal, it is far easier
to use than latitude and longitude.
The downside is that, unlike latitude and
longitude, there is no way to determine grid
locations independently.
Understanding UTM
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UTM grid coordinates
are expressed as a
distance in meters:
to the east, "easting",
to the north, "northing".
There are no negative
numbers
Understanding UTM
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Minimum and
maximum easting
values are:
167,000 mE and
833,000 mE (at
equator)
465,000 mE and
515,000 mE at 84°
N
Understanding UTM
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Here’s Why:1
 111km
At the equator
6  666km  666, 000m
1
   666, 000   333, 000
2
500, 000  333, 000  167, 000
500, 000  333, 000  833, 000
Understanding UTM’s
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The GRID OVERLAY is
accurate to a precision
of 100m.
Using a UTM grid
overlay
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13 5 20 685 E
The grid overlay is
placed on the map
with its edge aligned
with the grid lines.
The example shown
here locates the star
to a precision of
100m.
42 90 155 N
Understanding UTM’s
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The CORNER TOOL is accurate to a
precision of 10m.
42 90 155 N
13 5 20 685 E
Reading UTM’s
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Look at the bottom of your map.
The number 715000mE is read as,
“715,000 meters East.”
15 is short-hand for 715,000, and is
1000 meters West of 716000mE.
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Reading UTM’s
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The number 4763000mN is read,
“4,763,000 meters north” of the
equator.
The next UTM number above is
and is 1000 meters north.
4764,
A UTM measuring tool is used for
measuring in between.
Using a UTM grid overlay
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If you want to find your location
with more precision than is available
from the grid lines on the map,
you will need a tool that is
marked in finer divisions.
One such tool is a
grid overlay.
Using a UTM grid overlay
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The grid overlay
is placed on the
map with its edge
aligned with the
grid lines.
The example
shown here
locates the star
to a precision
of 100m.
Using a UTM Grid Overlay
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Your map has a UTM grid drawn for
you.
Many quadrangle maps show only
the blue tick marks on the edges, so
use a straight edge to create a grid
by connecting the marks with a
pencil.
Using a UTM grid overlay
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The position of
the mark can be
determined
more precisely
using a corner
tool.
Using a UTM Corner Ruler
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A UTM Corner Ruler consists of two
scales at right angles to each other.
On a 1:24,000 scale map you will be
able to determine a position to within
a 10m square.
Using a UTM Corner Ruler
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Start by placing the top right corner
of the Corner Ruler on the SW corner
of the UTM grid that contains the
feature. (The ruler edges should
extend to the West and South.)
Using a UTM Corner Tool
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In 10m abbreviated format
the coordinates of the star
are:
•5945 (159,450 m E), and
•8163 (4,781,630 m N).
The 5945 and 8163 locate
the 1000 meter square
containing the star.
Using a UTM Corner Tool
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In 10m abbreviated format
the coordinates of the star
are:
•5945 (159,450 m E), and
•8163 (4,781,630 m N).
The 5945 and 8163 locate
the 1000 meter square
containing the star.
Atlas GPS
Find the UTM coordinates and
distances between each.