Transcript 圖書館五律

行動書香
網路學習社群
謝建成
國立台灣師範大學
圖書資訊學研究所
Curriculum Vitae
• Professional Employment
– 2003.02~
• 國立台灣師範大學
– 圖書資訊學研究所（副教授）
– 社教系（副教授）
– 2000.08~2003.01
• 佛光大學(宜蘭)
– 圖書館（館長）
– 教育資訊所（所長）
– 資訊系（副教授）
– 1996.10~2000.07
• 南華大學(嘉義)
– 圖書館（館長）
– 資訊管理系（副教授）
閱讀是什麼?!
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報紙
休閒書
推薦好書
漫畫書
雜誌
網頁內容
教科書
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Reading is a complex
cognitive process of decoding
symbols for the intention of
deriving meaning and/or
constructing meaning.
Reading by humans is mostly done from
paper with ink: a book, magazine, newspaper,
leaflet, or notebook. Handwritten text may
also consist of graphite from a pencil. More
recently, text is read from computer displays,
television, and other displays, such as
mobile phones or e-readers Short texts may
be written or painted on an object.
閱讀的目的？！
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增加知識
增進中文素養
加強作文能力
更會考試
幫助人格發展
促進閱讀
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Reading is a means of
language acquisition, of
communication, and of
sharing information and ideas.
Reading text is now an
important way for the general
population in many societies
to access information and
make meaning.
閱讀能力？！
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懂更多字
看更多書
做更多事
會更多東西
會更聰明
會更聽話
成績會更好
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Barnes & Noble nook (10/20/2009)
Kindle 1 (Left) and Kindle 2 (Right) (2/24/2009)
Bookeen Cybook Opus (5/20/2009)
BEBOOK e-book reader with the
"About" screen displayed (11/20/2008)
Sony Reader PRS-900
Sony PRS-700
Sony PRS-600
閱讀社群
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讀書會
班級共讀
虛擬學習社群
Web 2.0
– Facebook
• http://beta.lib.ntu.edu.tw/?p=100
– RSS
– Tags
– Twitter
• http://twitter.com/nfulibrary
– Plurk
• http://www.plurk.com/NTULIB
• 台灣圖資論壇http://www.lis.tw/
• Library Views
http://libraryviews.blogsome.com/
Why?!
• 為何還在推廣閱讀？！
– 升學主義？
– 經濟因素？
– 出版衰退？
– 網際網路？
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• 閱讀數量的事實
– 國小學童
• 20本/月 (22)
– 國中學生
• 5本/月 (8)
– 高中學生
• 2本/月 (7)
• 閱讀量更大
– 參考書
百萬元台幣
圖書館的機會
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網路學習社群
•Web-based Learning Community
–一群學習者
•共同的學習文化、共同努力及相互了解
–線上虛擬空間
–學習的方式
•「獨學」進入「群學」
–學習結構
•「封閉」轉為「開放」
–「知識的傳遞」進化為「知識的建構」
• 特徵
– 知識分享
– 資源共享
– 資訊互通
– 經驗交換
– 情感交流
• 因此透過社群的營造與建立可以將分散於
不同成員身上與不同場所的知識、智慧、
資源、訊息、資訊、經驗、心得等聚集於
線上社群當中讓成員共享共有，共同反思
成長，建構與創造屬於個人自己新而有用
的知識體系
• 社群意見領袖（Opinion Leader）
• 長尾理論（Long Tail）
Long Tail 理論
•Chris Anderson
–2004年10月提出長尾現象
•80/20
–Vilfredo Pareto
–1897年提出此一現象
– 百分之八十的營收來自最熱門暢銷的百
分之二十商品
Web 2.0
• Web 2.0 is the business revolution in the
computer industry caused by the move to
the internet as platform, and an attempt
to understand the rules for success on that
new platform. Chief among those rules is
this: Build applications that harness
network effects to get better the more
people use them.
– Tim O‘Reilly （2005）
– http://tim.oreilly.com/news/2005/09/30/what-isweb-20.html
• Don't treat software as an artifact, but as a process of
engagement with your users.
• Open your data and services for re-use by others, and
re-use the data and services of others whenever
possible.
• Don't think of applications that reside on either client
or server, but build applications that reside in the
space between devices.
• Remember that in a network environment, open APIs
and standard protocols win, but this doesn't mean that
the idea of competitive advantage goes away.
• Chief among the future sources of lock in and
competitive advantage will be data, whether through
increasing returns from user-generated data
• Web 2.0是網路運用的新時代，網路成為了
新的平台，內容因為每位使用者的參與
（Participation）而產生，參與所產生的個
人化（Personalization）內容，藉由人與人
（P2P）的分享（Share），形成了現在
Web 2.0的世界。
Library 2.0
• The focus is on user-centered change
and participation in the creation of content
and community
• Library services are constantly updated
and reevaluated to best serve library users
• Harness the library user in the design and
implementation of library services by
encouraging feedback and participation
• Browser + Web 2.0 Applications +
Connectivity = Full-featured OPAC
• Harness the library user in both design
and implementation of services
• Library users should be able to craft and
modify library provided services
• Harvest and integrate ideas and products
from peripheral fields into library service
models
• Continue to examine and improve services
and be willing to replace them at any time
with newer and better services.
Learning 2.0
• New ways of thinking about e-learning
inspired by the emergence of Web 2.0
• Emphasis on social learning and use of
social software such as blogs, wikis,
podcasts and virtual worlds such as
Second Life
• Knowledge (as meaning and
understanding) is socially constructed
• Learning takes place through
conversations about content and grounded
interaction about problems and actions
• Second Life
http://secondlife.com/community/
Ubiquitous Learning
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ubiquitous learning (or u-learning) is equivalent to some form of simple
mobile learning, e.g. that learning environments can be accessed in various
contexts and situations.
– Permanency: Learners never lose their work unless it is purposefully deleted. In
addition, all the learning processes are recorded continuously everyday.
– Accessibility: Learners have access to their documents, data, or videos from
anywhere. That information is provided based on their requests. Therefore, the
learning involved is self-directed.
– Immediacy: Wherever learners are, they can get any information immediately.
Thus, learners can solve problems quickly. Otherwise, the learner can record the
questions and look for the answer later.
– Interactivity: Learners can interact with experts, teachers, or peers in the form
of synchronies or asynchronous communication. Hence, the experts are more
reachable and the knowledge becomes more available.
– Situating of instructional activities: The learning could be embedded in our
daily life. The problems encountered as well as the knowledge required are all
presented in their natural and authentic forms. This helps learners notice the
features of problem situations that make particular actions relevant.
– Adaptability: Learners can get the right information at the right place with the
right way.
圖書館的機會
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Web五律
• Alireza Noruzi (2004)
– Application of Ranganathan's Laws to the
Web":
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Web resources are for use.
Every user has his or her web resource.
Every web resource its user.
Save the time of the user.
The Web is a growing organism.
新圖書館五律
（Five New Laws of Library Science）
• Michael Gorman (1998)
– "Our Singular Strengths":
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Libraries serve humanity.
Respect all forms by which knowledge is
communicated.
Use technology intelligently to enhance
service.
Protect free access to knowledge.
Honor the past and create the future.
圖書館五律
（Five Laws of Library Science）
– Shiyali Ramamrita Ranganathan (1931)
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Books are for use.
Every reader his/her book.
Every book its reader.
Save the time of the User.
The library is a growing organism