Transcript Bibliographic Searching

Bibliographic Techniques:
Autumn 2010
Sue Bird
Bodleian Subject Librarian Geography
This session
SOLO, OLIS & OXLIP+
Databases
Searching techniques for journal articles,
conference papers, book chapters etc
How to cite sources correctly & therefore avoid
plagiarism
How to use Reference Management Software
Subject searching
SOLO, OLIS and Oxford e-journals cover Oxford
holdings only by title
Better to use specialist indexes covering the
world’s literature to find articles
Access via OxLIP+
Use inter-library loan for items not held in
Oxford and not online
E-Journals
I didn't check for the hard copy
- so used to getting online access!
Newspapers
Electronic newspapers
• Some are freely available. Alphabetic list on
OxLIP+
• Best source for the “Text Only” of huge range of
newspapers and magazines is Nexis UK. Goes
back approximately 10 yrs in most cases and is
very current i.e. today’s daily news items
Newspapers
Legal information, cases etc.
• Lexis Library
• WestLaw – both UK & US editions
• But there are a lot more
(if necessary ask the Law Library for help)
Bibliographic Techniques
Abstracting and Indexing Services
(for finding the actual journal articles)
Vast range.
SCOPUS (includes GEOBASE)
OVID SP
Cambridge Scientific Abstracts
Web of Knowledge
Bibliographic Databases
Excellent for locating journal articles , book chapters
and book reviews (NB. References only,)
General or specific subject coverage
Different interfaces but similar functionality
Not tied to library holdings
Frequently will provide a link to full text
Databases vs. Search engines
• Contents are indexed by subject
specialists
• Subject headings
• Limiting functions e.g.
publication types, language
Allow you to
• View Search history
• Combine searches
• Mark and sort results
• Print/save/email/export
• Save searches
• Set up alerts
• Searches done by
automated “web
crawlers”
• No thesaurus / subject
headings – just free
text searching
• No limiting functions
• Usually none of these!
Search Strategies
• Boolean logic
• Truncation
• Wild cards
• Synonyms
• Which language are you using?
SCOPUS
• Includes data from GEOBASE
- THE bibliographic database
for the Earth, Geographical
and Ecological Sciences
Bibliographic Searching
Search Tip : 1
– Important to remember that although each database
covers thousands of journal titles no single database
is ever comprehensive.
– If you are having difficulty finding material on a topic
use the keywords you find in any relevant reference
and search again.
Bibliographic Databases
OVIDSP
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CAB Abstracts – biogeography
EconLit – economic geography
Forest Science - biogeography
GeoRef – physical geography & geology
Zoological Abstracts Archive only
(1864-1977)
Bibliographic Databases
CSA Illumina
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Ecology Abstracts
EIS: Digests of Environmental Impact Statements
Environmental Sciences & Pollution Management
Oceanic Abstracts
• IBSS: International Bibliography of the Social Sciences
• Sociological Abstracts
• CSA Worldwide Political Science Abstracts
Web of Knowledge
WEB of Science: ISI citation indexes
Broad Coverage – all subject areas
Run when convenient
Automatic export to EndNote
but now with export to RefWorks
(Journal Citation Reports – help choose the
most effective title in your area)
Bibliographic Searching
Search Tip : 2
Take time to explore the various databases & platforms available.
Some will be more useful to you than others.
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Scopus
OvidSP
Cambridge Scientific Abstracts (CSA Illumina)
Web of Knowledge
http://www.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/services/training/wiser
Boolean connectors
• AND – combines terms to restrict results
• OR – useful for covering synonyms
• NOT – excludes unwanted areas of research
OR, AND, NOT
Biodiversity
Amazonia
Climate change
Bibliographic Searching
Search Tip : 3
Boolean Logical Operators AND, OR, NOT
Proximity operators
Adj (literally adjacent); Near(same sentence); With(same
field)
Field descriptors: AU(author); TI(title); AB (abstract);
SO(source or reference); DE (general descriptor) etc are
likely to be specific to each database and won’t operate in
‘cross searches’
Combining searches: #1 and #2
Other tricks:
Use symbols for wildcards and truncation
? or $ for a single character
globali?ation / globali$ation (is it an ‘s’ or a ‘z’)
* for truncation or variant spellings
govern* for governance, government, etc
use quotation marks for searching for phrases
e.g. “resource management”
Synonyms & Language
• Topic = Personal energy use reduction
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Search:
A) personal energy use
B) “personal energy use”
C) “energy use” OR “energy consumption” AND
personal OR private OR household
• Context : “carbon footprint” OR “carbon neutral”
(including food mile* (i.e. miles or mileage)? )
Bibliographic Searching
Search Tip : 4
• Consider subject synonyms & British and US spellings.
• Apply truncation, usually * to find plurals/alternative word endings and
? to replace a single character.
• Expand search by following hypertext links esp subject headings
• Use tagging facilities within database to mark articles for printing,
emailing, downloading or exporting.
• Authors names: Check the online help for formats. Use the database
index to find different forms of author’s name, otherwise truncate first
initial.
Bibliographic Searching
• Three ways to keep up to date:
• E-mail alert – you can specify a search to be repeated
and the results emailed to you at chosen intervals or
Zetoc will tell you when the next issue of a journal is
available.
• Saving and rerunning searches – you save a search and
run it again in the future.
• Citation Alert – you will receive an email every time a
particular article is cited in another WoK or Scopus
indexed article.
Avoiding Plagiarism
"...You must always indicate to the examiners when you have
drawn on the work of others; other people's original ideas and
methods should be clearly distinguished from your own, and
other people's words, illustrations, diagrams etc. should be
clearly indicated regardless of whether they are copied exactly,
paraphrased, or adapted...
...The University reserves the right to use software applications to
screen any individual's submitted work for matches either to published
sources or to other submitted work. Any such matches respectively
might indicate either plagiarism or collusion...
...Although the use of electronic resources by students in their
academic work is encouraged, you should remember that the
regulations on plagiarism apply to on-line material and other
digital material just as much as to printed material..."
Section 9.5 Proctors' and Assessor's Memorandum
Good academic practice
So by following the citation principles and
practices in place in your subject area, you will
develop a rigorous approach to academic
referencing, and avoid inadvertent plagiarism.
https://intranet.ouce.ox.ac.uk/undergraduate/fhs/dissertation/referencing.html
https://weblearn.ox.ac.uk/portal/hierarchy/socsci/geog/igs/bcm/page/resources
Citing your references
An article in an online journal which also exists in print
should be cited in the same way as print
To cite something which only exists electronically, e.g.
a web site, follow special rules which include the date
viewed
A specific quote must include the page reference in the
citation.
Also any number of style manuals:The complete guide to referencing and avoiding plagiarism /Colin Neville.
2007 RSL LB 2369 NEV
Cite them right : the essential referencing guide / Richard Pears and Graham
Shields. 2010 RSL LB 2369 PEA
So what can reference management
software do?
Store references to items in many different formats and
material types
Search, select and output references in a variety of predetermined styles, or one of your own making
Import references direct from databases like Scopus or Web
of Knowledge, or library catalogues like OLIS
Search external databases from within the reference
management software, and save references retrieved
Insert references into a word-processed document and
format them in a particular style at the touch of a button
Store links to documents – pdf’s, images – or copies of
them within database
Reference Management Systems
RefWorks
(web based – access your records anywhere - free to
members of university – even after you leave)
• ProCite, Reference Manager and EndNote (works without
web access – but software needs to be installed on own
machine – charge of c£80 from OUCS)
• EndNote on the Web
(free to members of university, but has limited feature set –
designed to be used alongside desktop version)
• Zotero is a free plug-in for Firefox browser (only) – limited but
growing capability
Bibliographic Databases
Search :- Community conservation in the Amazon (2010 only)
Scopus = 25 articles
Ovid = 20 after de-duplication of 33 articles, etc. (8 not found by Scopus)
C.S.A = 36 articles (after de-duplication of 39) (adds another 20 to the total)
Web of Science = 29 articles (a further 13 unique items)
Biosis Previews = 17 articles (gives another 5)
RefWorks de-duplication
= 71
Further assistance:
This presentation available on-line
http://www.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/science/training/biosciences
More courses available: http://www.oucs.ox.ac.uk/itlp/
Other presentations:
http://www.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/services/training/wiser
Guidance for references:
https://intranet.ouce.ox.ac.uk/undergraduate/fhs/dissertation/
referencing.html
[email protected]