Transcript Slide 1
The Travails of Visually
Impaired Web Travelers
By
Carole Goble
Simon Harper
Robert Stevens
Presented by
Chih-Tang Lee
Problem addressed
Most visual navigation cues are not appropriate for a VI user to
navigate in the virtual world.
Hypothesis
Propose a model that evaluates mobility support given to VI
users on the web.
“… traveling and mobility on the web mirrors traveling and
mobility in the physical world.”
Traveling
3 mental representations:
Author’s definition of travel:
Landmarks, route knowledge, survey knowledge
“… confident navigation and orientation with purpose, ease
and accuracy within an environment.”
In the physical world:
Simpler information of the environment.
Detailed route description and more specific obstacle
information.
Increased use of mental maps.
Traveling
In the virtual world:
Rely more on audible solutions than enhancing actual web
navigation.
Screen scraping (sensory translation): web browsers and specialist
browsers (screen readers).
Listening vs. scanning: information flow is slower.
Explicitly warned of obstacles.
Mental map usage is limited.
Model of Travel
Travel objects - Travelers use landmarks and memory objects to
make sure they are going in the right direction.
Mobility actions - And navigates and orientates by consulting
memory objects, and detecting and identifying landmarks.
Model of Travel
Mobility instruments - Consultation, detection and identification
with mobility instruments.
Mobility Evaluation
Is the object a cue or obstacle?
Travel
purpose: seeking information,
orientation, navigation, etc.
User
Timeliness of feedback
User agent
Presentation form
Mobility Evaluation Common presentation forms
http://www.imdb.com/
IMDB Home Page Evaluation
IMDB Home Page Evaluation
IMDB Home Page Evaluation
Conclusion
Related travel in the virtual world to that in the
real world.
The proposed model can aid the identification of
cues and obstacles and promote improved
mobility support for VI users.
Need to extend model’s usage to web sites.
Authors
Carole Goble
Robert Stevens
Professor, University of Manchester
?
Simon Harper
Prototype mobility tools for visually
impaired surfers
A pilot study to examine the
mobility problems of visually
impaired users traveling the web