Transcript Department of Information Technology

Department of Information Technology
Chapter 2: Browser Basics
Prepared by: Ms Melinda Chung
Objectives
Department of
Information Technology
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Learn how Web browser software displays Web pages.
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Learn how Web page addresses are constructed.
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Become familiar with the main functions common to all
Web browsers.
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Configure and use the Microsoft Internet Explorer Web
browser to navigate the Web.
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Save and organize Web addresses using Internet
Explorer.
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Objectives
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Information Technology
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Save Web page text and graphics using Internet
Explorer.
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Configure and use the Netscape Navigator Web
browser to navigate the Web.
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Save and organize Web addresses using
Netscape Navigator.
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Save Web page text and graphics using Netscape
Navigator.
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Client/Server Structure of
the World Wide Web
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Recall the terms given in Chapter 1
 Web client
 Web servers
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Web browser: a client software that runs
your computer as a Web client
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Understanding the Structure
of the Web
Client/Server Structure of the Web
New Perspectives on the Internet, 5e
Tutorial 2
5
Hypertext, Links & Hypermedia
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Information Technology
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Hypertext Markup Language (HTML): standard language used
on the Web
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HTML uses codes (tags) for the Web browser software to display
text
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HTML anchor tags: use to link HTML documents
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Hypertext links: connect HTML documents
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Hypermedia links: connect to computer files
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Hypertext, Links & Hypermedia
New Perspectives on the Internet, 5e
Tutorial 2
7
Web Site Organization
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A web page - is an HTML document displayed
by a Web browser
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A web site - a collection of linked Web pages
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A home page - the main page of a web site
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Addresses on the Web
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Internet Protocol Address (IP): unique id number
given to each computer on the Internet
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Domain Name: unique name associated with
specific IP address
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Domain Name Software (DNS) coordinates IP
addresses and domain names for all computers
attached to it
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Domain name server: the host computer that runs
DNS software
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Common Top Level Domains
(TDLs)
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Uniform Resource Locators
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Four-part addressing scheme consists of:
Transfer
Domain
protocol - use to transport files
name - of computer on which file
resides
Pathname
of folder or directory on computer on
which file resides
Name
of the file
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Uniform Resource Locators
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Structure of a Uniform Resource Locator (URL)
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Main Elements of Web Browsers
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Title Bar
 Scroll Bars
 Status Bar
 Menu Bar
 Page Tab
 Home Button
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Mai Main Elements of Web Browsers
Main Elements of Internet Explorer
Program Window
New Perspectives on the Internet, 5e
Tutorial 2
14
Finding Information on the Web with
Search Engines & Web Directories
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Information Technology
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Web Search Engines: software to find
words or expressions entered by users
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Web Directory: contains a list of Web
page categories
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Web directory editors categorize the
Web pages
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Returning to Web Pages
Previously Visited
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Using favorites and bookmarks
Internet Explorer - favorite
 Netscape - bookmark
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Using the History List
Back button
 Forward button
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Returning to Web Pages
Previously Visited
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Cookies
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A small file that a Web server writes to the disk of
the client computer
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contain information about the user such as login
names and passwords
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performs functions such as automatic login
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User is often unaware of its present
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Reloading a Web Page
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Cache folder - stores a copy of web page
displayed by the browser
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Reload a web page
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Refresh button in IE
Reload button in Navigator
Stop button - halts the Web page transfer from
the server
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Microsoft Internet Explorer
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Standard Buttons toolbar
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Microsoft Internet Explorer
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Status bar - gives
information about
Internet Explorer’s
operations.
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Transfer progress
report & graphical
transfer progress
indicator.
Security zone.
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Checking Web Page Security
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Security elements of a Web page - File -->Properties
-->Certificates button.
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Encryption - to scramble and encode data for
transmission
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A padlock - symbol of an encrypted Web page
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Getting Help in Internet Explorer
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Netscape Navigator
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Using the Navigation and
Personal Toolbar
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The Navigation toolbar includes buttons that execute
frequently used commands for browsing the Web
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You can use the toolbar tabs to hide or show the
toolbars quickly
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The view menu commands
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Enter URLs at the Location bar
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Using the Navigation and
Personal Toolbar
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Navigator Navigation Toolbar
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Using the Personal Toolbar
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Customize the Personal toolbar to add and remove
toolbar buttons
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Home button loads the defined start page
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My Netscape button customizes a version of the
Netscape’s Home page
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Bookmarks button opens a list of Web sites whose
URLs you have saved
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Using the Personal Toolbar
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Personal Toolbar
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Bookmark and security
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Bookmark - to store and organize a list of visited
web sites
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Folders - to store and organise your bookmarks
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Save your bookmark file on a disk to be used at
another computer
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The Security indicator button - a padlock similar to
that of the I.E.
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Managing Cookies
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Cookie Manager - stores all Navigator’s
cookies
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Remove All Cookies button - deletes cookies
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Getting Help in Navigator
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Summary
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Web pages and Web sites make up the World
Wide Web.
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The Web uses a client/server structure in
which Web server computers make Web page
files available to Web client computers that are
running Web browser software.
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Each server computer on the Internet has an
IP address that is mapped to a domain name.
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Summary
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Information Technology
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The domain name plus the Web page filename
make up the Uniform Resource Locator (URL).
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All Web browsers have the same basic
elements and can be used to explore the Web
in similar ways.
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Web browsers display Web pages and
maintain a history list that can be used to find
pages previously visited.
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Summary
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Information Technology
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Web browsers allow users to print and save
Web pages and elements of Web pages.
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Internet Explorer and Navigator are the two
most widely used Web browsers.
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