Transcript Genetic Evolution - Swine Health Alliance

Gene Editing
Opportunity for Accelerating Gain
November 2016
©PIC
Genetic Evolution
10,000 BC
2016
2
Genetic Evolution
Domestication
Selective breeding
10,000 BC
1900 AD
2000
Directed recombination?
2010
2015
Efficiency & sustainability
prolificacy, feed efficiency, health & robustness
Meat quality
taste, leanness, yield
Darwin develops
evolution theory
MU announces
PRRS resistant pig
Mendel ‘invents’
genetic science
Gene editing
‘invented’
Shull describes
heterosis
Watson & Crick
describe DNA molecule
First transgenic
Crop introduced
Relationship
Based Genomics
Cost to sequence drops
factor 1000 in 3 years
Human Genome
Project completed
3
Selective Breeding Works
1960s
2010s
Prolificacy
14 pigs
Per year
28 pigs
Per year
+100%
Feed
conversion
900 lbs of
feed each pig
550 lbs of
feed each pig
-40%
Meat
quality
75 lbs of
lean each pig
120 lbs of
lean each pig
+60%
Manure reduced per lb of lean meat by more than 60%
4
Selective Breeding Evolves
Progressing from traditional BLUP and single
markers to a full description of the genome
along with our global phenotype and
pedigree database – improving the
RBGS*+
accuracy of selection
SNP
Discover
y
 2008
60K
HD
2009
Multiple
markers
GS
RBGS*
+ 60K
HD
Imputation +
PIC Customized
HD/LD
genotypes
As in
2013 +
F1
2014
2013
2012
2010
*RBGS: Relationship Based Genomic Selection
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Utilizing the Best Science
Relationship Based Genomic Selection
Without genomic data: the “family tree”
Assume relatedness (r) = 50% for all littermates
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Utilizing the Best Science
Relationship Based Genomic Selection
Genotypes determine what proportion the genome animals
share
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Accelerating Genetic Gain
Selective Breeding
PIC Full Program
Index
Pigs weaned/sow/year
Pounds weaned/sow/year
Pigs marketed/sow/year
Pounds marketed/sow/year
PROFIT PER PIG, $ / pig
5 Year
Avg
12.9
0.9
11.9
0.9
57.2
2.58
3 Year
Avg
15.8
0.9
12.9
0.9
81.1
3.16
1 Year
Avg
19.4
1.1
17.4
1.1
126.7
3.88
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What’s Next?
©PIC
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Accelerating Genetic Gain
What’s Next?
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Accelerating Genetic Gain
What’s next?
Genome Sequencing
• Impact
• Greater selection accuracy
• Causal variants
• Capture de-novo
mutations
• Molecular biology targets
• Likelihood
• High
• In-process
• Timeline
• 3 years
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Accelerating Genetic Gain
What’s Next?
Gene Editing
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The Process
13
The Next Frontier…
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...will bring exciting options...
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...will bring exciting options...
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...and is really already here.
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Delivering Unique Value
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PRRS Resistance
High Level Overview
•
Pigs were created with minor
nucleotide edits within their
existing DNA
•
No new or foreign DNA was
inserted into the pigs
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What’s next?
Conduct trials to validate safety & efficacy
Collaborate with FDA on regulatory framework
Understand and address societal concerns
Look ahead: continue innovation to advance animal ag
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PIC is dedicated to the responsible
exploration of innovations that benefit the
well-being of animals, farmers, and society
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