Transcript Design in the Cosmos - Azusa Pacific University

Design in the Cosmos
Dr. Hugh Ross
Reasons To Believe
Who Discovered the Big Bang?
A. Penzias & R. Wilson?
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Who Discovered the Big Bang?
George Gamow?
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Who Discovered the Big Bang?
Albert Einstein?
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Who Discovered the Big Bang?
Al Gore?
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Who Discovered the Big Bang?
___________?
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Big Bang Foundations
1. singularity beginning
2. expanding universe
3. cooling cosmos
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Cosmic Singularity Beginning
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Genesis 1:1
Genesis 2:4
Isaiah 40:26
Isaiah 45:18
Col. 1:15-17
Genesis 2:3
Psalm 148:5
Isaiah 42:5
John 1:3
Hebrews 11:3
If God created the cosmos,
who created God? 8
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Stretching the Heavens
Job 9:8
Psalm 104:2
Isaiah 40:22 Isaiah 42:5
Isaiah 44:24 Isaiah 45:12
Isaiah 48:13 Isaiah 51:13
Jer. 10:12
Jer. 51:15
Zech. 12:1
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Cosmos Designed for Life
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gravitational force constant
strong nuclear force constant
weak nuclear force constant
electromagnetic force constant
e-m. to grav. force ratio
number ratio of protons to electrons
ratio of electron to proton mass
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Cosmos Design (cont.)
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expansion rate of the universe
entropy level of the universe
mass density of the universe
baryon density of the universe
space energy density of cosmos
age of the universe
velocity of light
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Cosmos Design (cont.)
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initial uniformity of radiation
homogeneity of the universe
mean distance between galaxies
mean distance between stars
average size of galaxy clusters
spatial locations of galaxy clusters
fine structure constant
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Cosmos Design (cont.)
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12C
to 16O energy level ratio
decay rate of 8Be
ground state energy level for 4He
decay rate of the proton
neutron to proton mass ratio
nucleon to anti-nucleon # ratios
polarity of the water molecule
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Cosmos Design (cont.)
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epoch for hypernova eruptions
number & types of hypernovae
epoch for supernova eruptions
number & types of supernovae
epoch for white dwarf binaries
white dwarf binary dist’n & freq.
ratio of exotic to ordinary matter
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Cosmos Design (cont.)
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no. of dimensions in early cosmos
no. of dimensions in cosmos now
mass of the neutrino
exotic mass particles decay rates
size of big bang ripples
size of relativistic dilation factor
uncertainty magnitude in q. mech.
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Some Quotes from Scientists
A superintellect has monkeyed with
physics, as well as with chemistry
and biology.
• Sir Fred Hoyle, The Universe
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Quotes (cont.)
As we survey all the evidence, the
thought insistently arises that some
supernatural agency—or rather
Agency— must be involved.
• Georges Greenstein, The Symbiotic Universe
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Quotes (cont.)
It seems as though somebody has
fine-tuned nature’s numbers to
make the Universe.
• Paul Davies, The Cosmic Blueprint
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Quotes (cont.)
The impression of design is
overwhelming.
• Paul Davies, The Cosmic Blueprint
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Some non-theist rebuttals
• The Christian God would not make so
many useless stars and galaxies
• We would not be here unless the
universe had the attributes we
observe.
• For an infinite number of universes an
infinite variety of sets of attributes are
possible.
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Heavenly body problem
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getting the right galaxy
getting the right star
getting the right Jupiter
getting the right Earth
getting the right Moon
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Probability for planet parameter to be
in needed range
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galaxy size
galaxy type
galaxy location
star distance from gal. center
star distance from spiral arms
proximity to supernova event
timing of the supernova event
.1
.1
.1
.2
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.01
.01
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Parameters in range (cont.)
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number of stars
star birth date
star age
star mass
star luminosity vs. speciation
star color
supernovae rates & locations
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.2
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.001
.0001
.4
.01
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Parameters in range (cont.)
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w. d. b. types, rates & locations
planetary distance from star
inclination of planetary orbit
axis tilt
rotation period
change in rotation period
orbit eccentricity
.01
.001
.8
.3
.1
.05
.3
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Parameters in range (cont.)
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surface gravity (esc. vel.)
tidal force
magnetic field
albedo
density
thickness of crust
oceans-to-continents ratio
.001
.1
.01
.1
.1
.01
.2
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Parameters in range (cont.)
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change in oc.-to-cont. ratio
global dist’n of continents
asteroid & comet collision rates
change in a. & c. collision rates
body mass colliding with Earth
timing of body’s collision
position & mass of Jupiter
.1
.3
.1
.1
.002
.05
.01
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Parameters in range (cont.)
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major planet eccentricities
major planet orbital stabilities
drift in major planet distances
soil mineralization
atmospheric transparency
atmospheric pressure
atm. electric discharge rate
.1
.1
.1
.1
.01
.1
.1
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Parameters in range (cont.)
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atm. temperature gradient
carbon dioxide level in atm.
oxygen quantity in atm.
ozone quantity and location
water vapor level in atm.
oxygen to nitrogen ratio in atm.
quantity of greenhouse gases
.01
.01
.01
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.01
.1
.01
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Parameters in range (cont.)
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tectonic activity
rate of decline in tectonics
volcanic activity
rate of decline in vulcanism
.1
.1
.1
.1
• dependency factors 10,000,000,000.
• longevity requirements
.0001
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Parameters in range (cont.)
• Probability for all 53 parameters less
than 1 in 10-68.
• Max. no. of planets in universe ≈ 1022.
• Less than 1 in ten billion trillion trillion
trillion chance for one such planet to
exist anywhere in the cosmos.
• dependency factors
1039
• longevity requirements
1013
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Parameters in range (cont.)
• Probability for all 202 parameters less
than 1 in 10-239.
• Max. no. of planets in universe ≈ 1022.
• Less than 1 chance in 10217 for one
such planet to exist anywhere in the
cosmos without invoking miracles.
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Best time and place
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maximum cosmic window
best possible observatory
best possible home
best possible physics
most to be conscious of
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Anthropic Principle Inequality
• 14 billion year minimum to prepare
home for humanity
• But, longevity of human civilization
<41,000 years
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