Transcript Chapter 5: Human Reproduction

Chapter 7: Human Reproduction
Mrs. Karen Swope
Family and Consumer Science
Columbain High School
Human Reproduction
Bringing together cells from the male
and female to create a third living
organism
 Male sex cell: sperm
 Female sex cell: egg or ovum
 Third living organism: fertilized egg

The Man’s Role:
Adult male can produce millions of
sperm each month
 Each sperm contains the male set of 23
chromosomes
 Sperm are produced in the man’s two
testes or testicles
 They are contained in a thin skin sack
outside the body called the scrotum

The Man’s Role cont.
The external location of the scrotum
keeps the testes cooler.
 A lower temp. is required for sperm
production
 Next to each testis is a coiled tube: the
epididymis
 Sperm mature in the epididymis

Man’s Role cont.
Each epididymis is attached to a long
tube called the vas deferens
 Sperm travel through the vas deferens
into the man’s abdominal cavity
 The vas deferens leads to ejaculatory
ducts
 These two ducts are connected to the
urethra which extends through the penis

The Man’s Role cont.
Sperm leave the epididimis and pass
through the vas deferens
 Sperm mix with secretions from three
glands near the ejaculatory ducts and
finally reach the urethra.
 The secretions and sperm are called
semen

The Woman’s Role
The woman’s role is to provide the egg
(ovum)and carry the fertilized egg until
a baby is born
A woman is born with about 400,000
immature eggs
They are stored in two ovaries
Usually only one egg is released from
the ovaries each month starting at
puberty ending with menopause
The Woman’s Role cont.
Each egg contains the female set of 23
chromosomes
Ovulation: the egg is released from the
ovary
Fallopian tubes: each tube is connected
to the uterus and lies close to an ovary
Each tube is lined with hair-like cells to
help push the egg along
The Woman’s Role cont.
It takes 3-4 days to move the egg
through the fallopian tube
An egg is fertile for only 12-24
hours after ovulation
Sperm may survive up to 72 hours
in the woman’s body
Sperm must meet egg in the
fallopian tube
The Woman’s Role cont.
Cervix: the lower portion of the
uterus
Uterus: hollow muscular organ,
holds and nourishes a fertilized
egg
Endometrium: inner lining of the
uterus, large network of tiny blood
vessels
The Woman’s Role cont.
Menstruation: each month the
endometrium is shed
Implantation: a fertilized egg
leaves the fallopian tube, enters
the uterus and implants into the
endometrium
Cell division continues as
pregnancy progresses
The Role of Heredity
Hereditary information is contained
in chromosomes
Humans have 23 pairs = 46 total
Each chromosome is made up of
genes.
Genes carry all characteristic traits
that will be transferred to the next
human.
The Role of Heredity
Traits are determined by kind of gene.
DOMINANT GENE: the dominant or
stronger feature comes out. When 1
dominant gene is paired with 1
recessive gene the dominant feature is
seen.
RECESSIVE GENE: when 2 recessive
genes are paired, the recessive trait will
appear.
The Role of Heredity
Genetic counseling: scientific advice
about heredity can be given prior to
conception.
If advice occurs after pregnancy,
amniocentesis may be done to check for
abnormalities.
Carriers: are persons who carry the
genes for a disease but do not have the
disease.