Transcript Biology Final Jeopary 1

BIOLOGY Edition
Warm Up:
• Review what quantitative and
qualitative observations are.
• What is the scientific process?
• What is a hypothesis?
• What is a theory?
• What is a cell and the main parts?
Energy
Cells
Categories
Protein
Sci
Genetics
Methods
Synthesis
Macromolecules
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Biology
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A: The process that requires glucose and
oxygen.
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Q: What is aerobic respiration?
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A: The process that uses
carbon dioxide (CO2)
and water to make
glucose (C6H12O6) and
oxygen.
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Q: What is photosynthesis?
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A: Thylakoids are stacked on top of one
another forming grana in this organelle
responsible for photosynthesis.
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Q: What is a chloroplast?
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A: A chemical process, occurring in the absence
of oxygen, that converts glucose to pyruvic
acid which is then converted to lactic acid.
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Q: What is fermentation (anaerobic
respiration)?
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A: The Krebs cycle and electron transport
chain take place in the matrix and inner
membrane of this organelle.
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Q: What is the mitochondria?
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A: A large organelle located near the
center of a cell that houses the cell’s
DNA.
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Q: What is the nucleus?
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A: A type of cell that contains a nucleus
and other membrane-bound organelles.
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Q: What is a eukaryotic cell?
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A: The passive transport of water across
a membrane.
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Q: What is osmosis?
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A: This organelle is the “garbage
disposal” of the cell, breaking down old
organelles, foreign substances, etc.
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Q: What is a lysosome?
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A: These organelles organize the
synthesis of proteins; may be “free” in
the cytoplasm or bound to the
endoplasmic reticulum.
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Q: What are ribosomes?
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A: The molecule in a cell responsible for
storing and transmitting genetic
information (info for making proteins);
has the shape of a double-helix.
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Q: What is DNA?
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A: The complementary base pairs in
DNA.
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Q: What are guanine-cytosine and
adenine-thymine?
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A: The molecules that are linked
together to make a protein.
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Q: What are amino acids?
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A: The type of RNA that has an
anticodon and brings amino acids to
the ribosome during protein synthesis.
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Q: What is tRNA?
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A: The process by which information in
DNA is copied to a molecules of mRNA.
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Q: What is transcription?
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A: Is represented with a lowercase letter.
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Q: What is a recessive allele?
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A: The process in which an egg cell and
sperm cell fuse to form a zygote.
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Q: What is fertilization?
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A: The fraction of offspring resulting from
a Bb x bb cross that should have blond
hair.
B = brown hair
b = blond hair
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Q: What is one half (50%)?
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A: The condition in which a person has 2
alleles that are the same for a trait.
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Q: What what is homozygous?
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A: A picture of a child’s chromosomes
that is used to determine if a child has a
genetic disorder, such as Down’s
syndrome (extra chromosome #21).
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Q: What is a karyotype?
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A: This is the one variable that differs
between the control group and
experimental group.
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Q: What is the independent variable?
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A: Observations that deal with data that
can be represented as numbers.
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A: What are quantitative
observations?
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A: An observation that describes the
qualities or characteristics of something.
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Q: What is a qualitative observation?
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A: The process that allows humans to use
bacteria to produce large quantities of
things like insulin and human growth
hormone.
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Q: What is genetic engineering?
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A: The process that uses restriction
enzymes to cut DNA and then separates
the fragments by size using gel
electrophoresis.
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Q: What is DNA Fingerprinting?
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A: An organic molecule that contains
carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; the
hydrogen and oxygen are in a 2:1 ratio,
like water.
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Q: What a carbohydrate?
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A: The monomers (“building blocks”) that
make up nucleic acids, DNA and RNA.
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Q: What are nucleotides?
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A: An organic compound with a
hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail;
organizes into a bilayer which makes up
the cell membrane.
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Q: What is a lipid?
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A: The contestant on the right, who is
currently losing, will win $400 if she can
name the reaction that builds polymers.
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Q: What is a dehydration synthesis
reaction?
(a.k.a.: condensation reaction)
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A: Enzymes, molecules that speed up the
rates of chemical reactions, belong to
this class of macromolecules.
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Q: What are proteins?