Transcript Cloning & Gene Therapy Notes

Chapter 9 Section 4
Genetic Screening

Test DNA to detect genetic diseases
 determines risk of having
or passing on a genetic
disorder
 can detect some genes
known to cause genetic
disorders
Gene Therapy

Gene Therapy - the replacement of
faulty genes
 Attempts to replace defective or missing
genes or add new genes to treat a disease.
Gene Therapy
Still in the experimental stages
 Some issues:

 Inserting gene into correct cell/all cells
 Determining effect on other genes
 Immune system may respond causing
inflammation
Cloning

Entire organisms can be cloned
 Clone- genetically identical copy of gene or
of an organism
 Some simple animals can essentially clone
themselves by regeneration
○ Ex. Sea Stars
First cloned dog
Cloning Process

In mammals- scientists swap DNA between cells
1. Unfertilized egg taken from animal
2. Eggs nucleus (DNA) removed
3. Nucleus (DNA) of animal to be cloned is implanted into
egg
4. After embryo grows for a couple days it is transplanted
into female
Cloning
brainpop
Dolly the Sheep

Dolly became first
cloned mammal
from using an adult
cell.
 Led to cloning of pigs,
dogs and mice
 Clone may not look
like original (many
factors influence
expression of genei.e. environment)
Dolly the
Sheep
brainpop
Benefits of Cloning



Human organ
transplants
Save endangered
species
Bring back extinct
species??
Jurassic
Park Clip
Concerns of Cloning
Low success rate
 Clones less healthy than original
 Ethical controversy

 Destruction of embryos for stem cells
Word
Def
Picture
Genetic Screening
Gene Therapy
Clone
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