Transcript Document
The Structure of DNA What does the DNA of all these organisms have in common? They all share a universal genetic code. What was this substance called? DNA Oswald Avery Avery’s team determined that genes are composed of DNA Gene DNA Chromosome nucleotide nitrogen base sugar very large linear molecules contain C, H, N, O, P store genetic information, help to make proteins phosphate sugar nitrogen base phosphate made up of nucleotides containing a sugar, phosphate and a N-base examples: DNA and RNA DNA molecule A NUCLEOTIDE 1. Phosphate Group 3. 5-Carbon 2. Nitrogen Base Sugar 2. 5-Carbon Sugar 1. Phosphate Group (Dexoyribose or Ribose) (Dexoyribose or Ribose) 3. 1. 3. Nitrogen Base 2. O O P O 3. 1. 2. O C H2 C H3 C O CH HC C H CH HO H O Nucleotides, too O C CH N N C O H What is located in the nucleus? What type of organic compound is DNA? What is the monomer of DNA? Nucleotides There are four nitrogen bases making up four different nucleotides. Purines Adenine A Guanine G N base Pyrimidines Thymine T Cytosine C Chargaff’s Base Pair Rules Adenine always bonds with thymine. Adenine (A) to Thymine (T) A T The lines between the bases represent hydrogen bonds G C Guanine always bonds with Cytosine. Guanine (G) to Cytosine (C) Pairing DNA Nucleotides What would is the a nucleotide? base be the pairing complementary rule? nucleotide pairing? Nucleotide P S N-b C G Rule A A to T A C to G T G DNA DOUBLE HELIX 5’End 3’End ladder shaped molecule 3’End 5’End Purpose of DNA Why do we have DNA? DNA contains our genetic codes For what does it code? for proteins What actually makes you look the way you do DNA or Proteins? TRY THIS! Answer: DNA left strand: ACTTAGGCGTCA DNA right strand: TGAACCGCAGT What is RNA? RNA stands for RiboNucleic Acid DNA must have a “helper” molecule. RNA is a single stranded nucleic acid made up of monomers called nucleotides sugar phosphate nitrogen base RNA Nucleotides A - Sugar (ribose) B - Phosphate C - Nitrogen base sugar nitrogen base phosphate B Name the parts of the nucleotide. A C TRY THIS! TICKET TO LEAVE Write one question that would be a good test question on this material. Write the answer on the back.