Transcript round

Genetics
parents
__________
Heredity - the passing of traits from _________
offspring
to ____________.
A trait is a characteristic such as
Hair color, eye color, height
_______________________________
How are traits passed from one generation to the next?
Gregor Mendel
__________________ - Austrian monk born
in 1822
Pea plants
Studied _____________
Gregor Mendel pea’d his plants.
Mendel noticed different traits in plants
Mendel’s 1st experiment
round seed
x
wrinkled seed
round seeds
All ________
DOMINANT trait - the trait that appears
_________
recessive
_________ trait – the trait that is not observed
Mendel concluded that there were
2
_____sets
of instructions for every trait.
One set comes from each… PARENT
What do we know today?
gene = a set of instructions for a trait
_________
allele – different forms of a gene
_________
For example, the wrinkled allele and the round
allele
There may be more than two possible alleles for a
trait, but each organism still only has two.
Example: hair color could be brown, blond, or red
but a person only has 2 alleles
heterozygous – when the two alleles of a gene
______________
are different
homozygous – when the two alleles of a gene
______________
are the same
dominant
____________ alleles are represented by
a capital letter
recessive
____________ alleles are represented by
a lower case letter
In the case of seed shape,
R = round allele
____
r = wrinkled allele
____
round x wrinkled
RR x _____
rr
_____
↓
Rr round
_____
genotype = the inherited combination of alleles
_________
For example, RR or rr or Rr
phenotype = the appearance of the organism
_________
For example, round or wrinkled