Transcript DNA Fingerprinting

Genetic Engineering
Restriction Enzymes
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Cut DNA
sequences at
specific repeating
patterns.
EcoRI cuts at
GAATTC which will
appear at different
points for different
people.
Transgenic
Gene Therapy
Gene Therapy
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Desired genes are
inserted into viruses
Organisms are then
“infected” by the
viruses that pass
the “cure” for the
genetic problem
onto the host cells
Transgenic
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Organisms with foreign DNA inserted into
their own genomes.
DNA is cut with restriction enzymes, and
fragments containing desired genes are
spliced into the original DNA
Gel Electrophoresis
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After DNA is cut with
restriction enzymes it
will be run on a “gel”
to separate the
fragments by length.
Longer fragments
move more slowly
through the gel than
short ones
Gel Electrophoresis
Gels
DNA Fingerprinting
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Technique of DNA
comparison developed by
Alec Jeffreys in Leicester
England 20 years ago.
% chance of two people
having identical DNA
Fingerprints is 1 in
9,390,000,000, which is
twice the world population
DNA Fragments run on a gel
Paternity Testing
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The child’s DNA
fragments must be a
combination of both
parents.
Fragments belonging to
the child will be either
from mom, dad, or both.
No fragments should
simply “appear” in the
child
Paternity Testing
Disease Testing—
Sickle Cell Anemia
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Hb A is an allele
that contributes
“normal” red blood
cells
Hb S is an allele
for sickle-shaped
red blood cells.
Crime Scene Investigation
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A woman and her fiancé were sleeping in
their car
Woman was raped, both murdered and the
car stolen.
The man caught with the stolen car said a
friend had given him the vehicle.
Both Chris Reesh and Randall Jones
lacked alibis for the night of the murders.
Crime Scene Investigation
The first case in history decided by DNA
fingerprinting.
 Semen from the victim
Was cut with a restriction
Enzyme and compared
to blood samples from
both suspects
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Cloning
Cloning
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The DNA from the
egg-donor is thrown
away
The DNA from the
body-cell donor is
placed into the egg
cell.
Child will be identical
to the body-cell donor.