Transcript Nicole`s teacher asked her to make a diagram of a good chain for a

FCAT Saturday
Living Things and How They
Affect Each Other.
Nicole’s teacher asked her to make a diagram of a
good chain for a bulletin board. She gathered
pictures and made the diagram shown below.
What do the arrows represent?
A. How energy flows between organisms
B. How energy increases along a food chain
C. How energy transfers from consumer to
producer
D. How energy remains constant along a food
chain
A. How energy flows between
organisms
The arrows represent the energy
from the producer being transferred
to the primary consumer and then to
the secondary consumer
The population of the world continues to grow,
creating an increased need for fuel to heat our
homes, schools and workplaces. Which of the
following would best conserve Earth’s natural
resources?
A. Using more electricity as a source of heat
B. Using more solar energy as a source of heat
C. Sing more coal or charcoal as a source of heat
D. Using more oil or natural gas a source of heat
B. Using more solar energy
as a source of heat
Solar energy does not produce
the pollution that the burning of
fossil fuels creates
Soil organisms such as fungi, worms and bacteria
are all biotic parts of the woodland ecosystem.
What is the role of these organisms in the
woodland ecosystem?
A. To provide nitrogen for the animals
B. To obtain dissolved oxygen forum moisture
C. To break down the remains of other living
things
D. To store chlorophyll for the photosynthesis
process
C. To break down the remains of
other living things
Fungi, worms and bacteria are
all decomposers
Fossil fuels are seen by scientists as a temporary
energy source. Which aspect of fossil fuels
encourages scientists to find other sources of
energy production?
A. It takes a very long time for fossil fuels to form
B. The formation of fossil fuels results in pollution
C. Fossil Fuels store energy for a short period of
time
D. Inadequate organic material exists to replace
fossil fuels
A. It takes a very long time for
fossil fuels to form
Fossil fuels are a nonrenewable
resources and can take millions
of years to be formed
Collard doves have a black half-collar, dark feathers, and a
long, white edged tail. Until 1953, the collared dove had
never been seen in the United Kingdom. The graph below
show the population growth of the collared dove after it first
arrived in the United Kingdom.
Which of the following best explains why the
curve flattens out at the X mark?
A. Predators could not catch the doves
B. Food in the environment was limited
C. Severe winters destroyed nesting sites
D. The doves were able to find many mates
B. Food in the environment was
limited
The population became too large
for the environment and the
dove’s were competing for
limited resources
Earth’s stratosphere contains ozone. The ozone
layer protects Earth from ultraviolet radiation. If
the ozone layer is damaged, how will Earth be
most affected?
A. The ultraviolet radiation may result in damage
to living things
B. The ultraviolet radiation may cause air
conditioning systems to overheat
C. The ultraviolet radiation may rapidly increase
the water temperature of the Pacific Ocean
D. The ultraviolet radiation may permanently
destroy some satellite communication systems
A. The ultraviolet radiation may
result in damage to living
things
The ozone layer protects us
from UV radiation.
Which of the following has the largest population in
the Indian River Lagoon ecosystem?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Crab
Egret
Flounder
Phytoplankton
D. Phytoplankton
The organism
with the
largest
population in
an ecosystem
is at the
bottom of the
pyramid
In the Indian River ecosystem, many organisms
compete with one another for food sources. Which
organism in the food web competes with egrets for
food?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Clam Worm
Crab
Flounder
Heron
D. Heron
The Egret and the Heron are
both consumers of the Flounder
Which of the following statements most accurately
describes the energy transfer between the levels
of the food pyramid in the Indian River Lagoon?
A. Energy travels up the pyramid
B. Energy stays in the phytoplankton at the
lowest level
C. Energy is released into the environment only at
the top level
D. Energy moves from the flounder to both the
clam worms and egret
A. Energy travels up the pyramid
Energy flows
from the
phytoplankton
at the bottom
of the
pyramid to
the top
The heart and intestine are organs in the
human body that are mainly composed of
muscles. What function do the muscles in
these organs perform?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Air exchange
Growth and Repair
Energy Production
Contraction and Relaxation
D. Contraction and Relaxation
Muscles are part
of the muscular
system that
function through
contraction and
relaxation
Elena has been studying the inheritance of traits in
humans. She learned that unattached earlobes (E) are
dominant over attached earlobes (e). The Punnett Square
shown below represents four children in one family.
According to the results shown in the punnett
square, what are the genotypes of the
parents?
A. EE and EE
B. Ee and Ee
C. EE and ee
D. ee and ee
B. Ee and Ee
Each parent contributes an allele to
each offspring.
We can use the punnett squares and
work backwards to get the genotypes
of the parents
The outer layer of human skin is the epidermis.
The waxy outer layer of a plant’s leaf is the cuticle.
What major function do human skin a a plants leaf
cuticle share?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Oxidation
Protection
Respiration
Variation
B. Protection
The skin and
the cuticle
cover the outer
portion of the
organism to
protect against
disease and
dehydration
The human body has many different types of cells.
Which of the following cells carries genetic
information from parents to their children?
B. Reproductive Cell
Humans have
specialized cells
that carry
genetic
information
from parents to
children
In one species of guinea pig, the gene for black fur
is dominant while the gene for brown fur is
recessive. A male guinea pig with black fur and
female guinea pig with black fur produce a female
offspring with brown fur. Which most likely
describes the genes of the parent guinea pigs?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Both parent guinea pigs carry the recessive gene
The male parent guinea pig carries the recessive
gene, but the female parent does not
The female parent guinea pig carries the recessive
gene, but the male parent does not
Neither parent guinea pig carries the recessive gene,
the brown fur was a spontaneous mutation
A. Both parent guinea pigs carry
the recessive gene
The principle of dominance tells us
that in order for the recessive trait
to be seen in the offspring both
parents must carry that allele
The human body has three different kinds of muscles.
Striated (skeletal) muscles cells move such structures as
the arms and legs. Cardiac Muscle cells move blood into
and out of the heart. Smoother muscle cells move food
through the digestive system. While each of the muscle
cells performs a different job, they function in a similar way.
What makes muscle cells different from other cells in the
body.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Muscle cells can hold more blood than other cells
Muscle cells can divide and reproduce at a faster rate
than other cells
Muscle cells can work together to contract and relax
while other cells cannot
Muscle cells can move freely to different parts of the
body while other cells cannot
C. Muscle cells can work
together to contract and relax
while other cells cannot
The excretory system in the human body has
several components. Some of them are identified
in the diagram below.
What is the relationship between the kidneys, ureters, and urinary
bladder?
A. They work together to transport blood
B. They work independently with specialized functions
C. They work together to maintain the chemical balance of blood
D. They work as storage organs for fluids to prevent dehydration
C. They work together to
maintain the chemical balance of
blood
Sexual Reproduction for some fish occurs when
the female fish lays eggs and the male fish locates
the eggs and fertilizes them. What is the
advantage in fertilized eggs outside the females
body?
A. Fewer eggs and sperm are needed
B. Many sperm can fertilize the same egg
C. Many of the eggs can be fertilized at the
same time
D. The fertilized eggs can produce offspring
identical to one parent
C. Many of the
eggs can be
fertilized at the
same time
A species of chicken has alleles for Black (B) or white (W)
feathers. Neither of these genes is dominant. Mating
between a black (BB) chicken and a white (WW) chicken
produces all gray (BW) offspring. If two gray offspring
mate, what percent of their offspring can be expected to
have black feathers?
A.
B.
C.
D.
25%
50%
75%
100%
A. 25%
Complete a Punnett Square to
determine the offspring
A population of mice, some with light-colored fur
and some with dark-colored fur, is introduced into
a field with dark soil. A few generations later, the
majority of the mice have dark-colored fur. Which
of the following best explains this change?
A. Light-colored mice can run faster
B. Dark-colored mice have fewer offspring
C. Light-colored mice have changed color over
generations
D. Dark-colored mice are better able to hide
E. from their predators
D. Dark-colored mice are better
able to hide from their predators
The dark-colored
mice are able to
blend in with
their environment
through physical
adaptations
Some diseases in humans are caused by
genetic mutations. The mutated genes can
then be passed from parent to child. Where
does the replication of these mutated genes
occur in the human cell?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Nucleus
Ribosome
Cell Membrane
Endoplasmic Reticulum
A. Nucleus
Genetic mutations occur in DNA
which is located in the nucleus
of cells
The skeletal and muscular systems work together to
enable the body to move. What is the main function
of the skeletal system in relationship to the muscular
system?
A.
B.
C.
D.
To provide attachment points for muscles
To assist muscles in growth and development
To produce muscle cells inside the bone marrow
To produce enzymes that help muscles repair
themselves
A. To provide attachment
points for muscles