Transcript Final exam review

1
“If you grow green plants in red
soil they will turn yellow.”
This statement can be best
described as a?
5
st
io
w
n
0%
ue
4
yp
3
H
2
0%
Q
ot
he
s
ry
Th
1
0%
is
0%
La
Theory
Hypothesis
Law
Question
eo
1.
2.
3.
4.
When a hypothesis has been
shown to be true after many
repeated experiments it can
become accepted. It would then be
called a?
n
st
io
ue
5
0%
Q
4
0%
w
ry
ot
he
s
3
yp
2
H
1
0%
is
0%
La
Theory
Hypothesis
Law
Question
eo
1.
2.
3.
4.
Th
2
A species of beetles comes in two colors,
green and brown. The grass they live in
turned from green to brown after a drought.
Population of Brown vs Green Beetles
60
55
50
A
Population
45
40
35
30
B
25
20
15
10
0
2
4
6
8
Generations
10
12
14
Which beetle population had a competitive advantage
after the drought and what color are they?
Population of Brown vs Green Beetles
60
55
A
50
45
Population
40
35
30
B
25
20
15
10
6
8
10
12
14
Generations
2
3
4
5
re
e
,g
B
ro
w
n
,b
re
e
0%
n
0%
B
,b
1
0%
n
0%
,g
A, brown
A, green
B, brown
B, green
4
ro
w
n
1.
2.
3.
4.
2
A
0
A
3
4
Which of the following best describes why this
species of beetles was able to survive the drought?
Population of Brown vs Green Beetles
60
55
A
50
Population
45
40
35
30
B
25
20
15
10
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Generations
gene frequency in the population
population size
size of the beetle
gene variation in the population
in
va
ze
of
ria
tio
n
th
e
tio
n
be
th
...
ze
si
ne
th
...
pu
la
si
ge
5
po
y
nc
qu
e
4
fr
e
3
ne
2
ge
1
et
le
0% 0% 0% 0%
in
1.
2.
3.
4.
5
Which of the following is not true about the
relationship between humans and chimpanzees
below.
Baboon
Chimpanzee
...
...
ch
im
ps
cl
o
d
an
s
um
an
hi
m
ps
s
m
or
e
d
an
ar
e
H
ed
ol
v
ev
s
5
um
an
4
H
3
um
an
2
H
1
0% 0% 0%
ch
im
ps
fr.
.
4.
C
3.
...
Human
Humans evolved from chimps
Humans and chimps share a common
ancestry
Chimps are more closely related to baboons
than humans are to baboons
Humans and chimps share many of the same
0%
genes
1.
2.
6
Which organic molecules are used by
mitochondria in a cell to create energy in the
form of ATP?
id
s
0%
ac
id
s
tid
es
0%
in
o
5
cl
eo
4
nu
dr
at
e
hy
3
rb
o
2
ca
1
0%
am
0%
lip
carbohydrates
nucleotides
lipids
amino acids
s
1.
2.
3.
4.
7
Which organic molecules are strung together
by ribosomes in a cell to create proteins?
id
s
0%
ac
id
s
tid
es
0%
in
o
5
cl
eo
4
nu
dr
at
e
hy
3
rb
o
2
ca
1
0%
am
0%
lip
carbohydrates
nucleotides
lipids
amino acids
s
1.
2.
3.
4.
8
Which organic molecules make up both
DNA and RNA in the cell?
id
s
0%
ac
id
s
tid
es
0%
in
o
5
cl
eo
4
nu
dr
at
e
hy
3
rb
o
2
ca
1
0%
am
0%
lip
carbohydrates
nucleotides
lipids
amino acids
s
1.
2.
3.
4.
9
Which of the molecules below is a
nucleotide?
B
C
A
D
A
B
C
D
3
4
5
0%
0%
D
2
0%
C
1
A
0%
B
1.
2.
3.
4.
10
5
ll
4
ce
3
s
cl
eu
ts
0%
nu
0%
m
em
br
an
to
pl
as
2
cy
1
0%
lo
ro
pl
as
0%
ch
cytoplasm
cell membrane
chloroplasts
nucleus
m
1.
2.
3.
4.
e
Where in a cell would you most likely find
lipids?
11
In the following reaction what is B?
A
D
ENERGY
B
E
C
3
4
5
zy
2
en
1
m
e
tra
te
bs
su
c.
..
e
st
ra
t
su
b
pr
od
uc
t
0% 0% 0% 0%
zy
m
e
enzyme
product
enzyme substrate complex
substrate
en
1.
2.
3.
4.
12
In the following reaction what is D?
A
D
ENERGY
B
E
C
3
4
5
zy
2
en
1
m
e
tra
te
bs
su
c.
..
e
st
ra
t
su
b
pr
od
uc
t
25% 25% 25% 25%
zy
m
e
enzyme
product
enzyme substrate complex
substrate
en
1.
2.
3.
4.
13
Would this reaction occur if the enzyme was not
present and the same amount of energy was
used?
enzyme
ENERGY
substrate
products
enzyme-substrate
complex
No, the enzyme is needed
Yes, at a slower rate
Yes, at a faster rate
Yes, at the same rate
ra
t
ra
te
m
e
te
r
ra
te
sa
th
e
a
at
s,
Ye
Ye
s,
at
a
at
s,
fa
s
sl
ow
er
is
m
e
zy
5
Ye
en
4
th
e
3
o,
2
N
1
e
25% 25% 25% 25%
n.
..
1.
2.
3.
4.
14 The
two lines represent the amount of energy for
two reactions needed to cut a protein. Which
reaction most likely takes advantage of an
enzyme?
to
.
4
5
ith
B
da
ta
gh
no
u
3
te
2
no
1
er
0% 0% 0% 0%
ne
A
B
not enough data to know
neither
A
1.
2.
3.
4.
B
..
ENERGY
A
The same reaction below is helped by two
different enzymes. According to the graph, which
enzyme works best in a more acidic environment
like your stomach?
10 11 12 13 14
B
to
.
da
ta
gh
no
u
3
4
5
te
2
no
1
er
0% 0% 0% 0%
ith
9
ne
A
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
pH
B
not enough data to know
neither
B
A
1.
2.
3.
4.
A
..
reaction rate
15
In this experiment, two plates of JELL-O are
digested with the same enzyme and the reaction
rates are measured. One plate is placed at room
temperature and the other at 4°C. What is the
independent variable?
plate A
plate B
temperature
enzyme
reaction rate
m
e
zy
B
at
e
io
n
5
ac
t
4
re
3
pl
at
e
2
pl
1
ra
te
20% 20% 20% 20% 20%
en
4°C
ra
tu
re
27°C
m
pe
B
A
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
A
te
16
In this experiment, two plates of JELL-O are
digested with the same enzyme and the reaction
rates are measured. One plate is placed at room
temperature and the other at 4°C. What is the
dependent variable?
plate A
plate B
temperature
enzyme
reaction rate
m
e
zy
B
at
e
io
n
5
ac
t
4
re
3
pl
at
e
2
pl
1
ra
te
20% 20% 20% 20% 20%
en
27°C
ra
tu
re
4°C
m
pe
B
A
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
A
te
17
Independent Variable:
• experimental variable
• something you change directly
• placing the plate in at room temperature or in the
refrigerator.
reaction rate
Dependent Variable:
• changes as a result of the independent variable
• you indirectly change it by altering the independent variable
• the reaction rate changes as a result of you changing the
temperature
4°C
0
5
27°C
10
15
20
25
temperature
30
35
40
18
The second half of this reaction does not require
sunlight. What is it called and what organelle does
it occur in?
C6H12O6
5
u.
.
cc
is
,o
yn
th
es
is
,c
hl
o.
..
in
...
...
oc
cu
rs
ch
on
m
ito
yn
th
es
ot
os
4
ph
3
ot
os
2
ph
1
ra
tio
n,
3.
4.
25% 25% 25% 25%
sp
i
respiration, mitochondria
respiration, occurs in both
chloroplast and mitochondria
photosynthesis, chloroplast
photosynthesis, occurs in both
chloroplast and mitochondria
ENERGY
ADP
ATP
re
1.
2.
(6) H2O
ra
tio
n,
(6) H2O
sp
i
(6) CO2
(6) CO2
re
(6) O2
(6) O2
19
What does photosynthesis produce?
C6H12O6
4
5
A
e
m
ak
er
gy
3
en
2
to
am
1
TP
r
ga
su
s
25% 25% 25% 25%
ei
n
amino acids
proteins
sugar
energy to make ATP
in
o
1.
2.
3.
4.
ENERGY
ADP
ATP
(6) H2O
pr
ot
(6) H2O
id
s
(6) CO2
(6) CO2
ac
(6) O2
(6) O2
20
What does respiration produce?
C6H12O6
4
5
A
e
m
ak
er
gy
3
en
2
to
am
1
TP
r
ga
su
s
25% 25% 25% 25%
ei
n
amino acids
proteins
sugar
energy to make ATP
in
o
1.
2.
3.
4.
ENERGY
ADP
ATP
(6) H2O
pr
ot
(6) H2O
id
s
(6) CO2
(6) CO2
ac
(6) O2
(6) O2
21
Is the formula for this reaction balanced?
C6H12O6
w
ha
lf
o
t.
..
fi
t
25% 25% 25% 25%
o
Yes
No
Only half of it
I do not know what you mean by balanced
3
4
5
o
2
Id
1
no
O
tk
no
w
nl
y
ha
1.
2.
3.
4.
ENERGY
ADP
ATP
(6) H2O
N
(6) H2O
s
(6) CO2
(6) CO2
Ye
(6) O2
(6) O2
22
In order, what type of cells are these?
C
bacterial, animal, plant
plant, bacterial, animal
animal, bacterial, plant
plant, animal, bacterial
ria
l
nt
ac
te
,p
la
im
al
,b
ria
l
an
an
t,
im
al
,b
ac
te
pl
nt
l,
a
,p
la
ct
er
ia
an
t,
5
ba
l,
a
4
pl
3
ct
er
ia
2
ba
1
ni
m
al
25% 25% 25% 25%
ni
m
al
1.
2.
3.
4.
B
an
A
23
Which organelle in the cell does respiration
occur in?
4
5
ho
nd
ria
lo
ro
pl
as
ts
r ib
os
om
es
nu
cl
eu
s
va
cu
ce
ol
ll
e
m
em
br
an
e
ce
ll
w
al
l
3
ch
2
14% 14% 14% 14% 14% 14% 14%
ito
c
1
mitochondria
chloroplasts
ribosomes
nucleus
vacuole
cell membrane
cell wall
m
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
24
What organelle uses RNA as instructions to
string together amino acids to make proteins?
4
5
ho
nd
ria
lo
ro
pl
as
ts
r ib
os
om
es
nu
cl
eu
s
va
cu
ce
ol
ll
e
m
em
br
an
e
ce
ll
w
al
l
3
ch
2
14% 14% 14% 14% 14% 14% 14%
ito
c
1
mitochondria
chloroplasts
ribosomes
nucleus
vacuole
cell membrane
cell wall
m
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
25
What is the definition of osmosis?
H20
H20
movement of molecules from an area of low to
high concentration
movement of molecules from an area of high to
low concentration
the same as 2 but the water molecules only move
active transport of molecules from within a cell
...
tr
a
as
tiv
e
m
e
sa
or
to
fm
...
th
e
2
ns
p
bu
t
ol
e
fm
to
m
en
e
5
th
4
ov
e
3
m
2
m
1
ov
e
m
en
to
fm
ol
e
cu
l..
3.
4.
ac
2.
25% 25% 25% 25%
cu
l..
1.
25
What would happen to the cell on the left in this
situation?
H20
H20
the cell would expand
the cell would shrink
the cell would stay the same
the cell would explode
e
th
ce
ce
ll
w
ou
e
ll
w
ou
ld
ld
st
ex
ay
sh
ld
e
th
pl
od
th
...
rin
nd
pa
ll
w
ou
ld
e
5
th
4
ce
ll
w
ou
ce
3
e
2
th
1
k
25% 25% 25% 25%
ex
1.
2.
3.
4.
Osmosis
• The cell has a lower concentration of a molecule in it
• The molecule is unable to diffuse across the membrane into
the cell to increase the concentration
• Water can cross the membrane
• Water diffuses out of the cell to try to increase the
concentration inside
• The cell loses its volume and shrinks
H20
What is this process called and what does your
body use it for?
mitosis, growth
mitosis, sexual reproduction
meiosis, growth
meiosis, sexual reproduction
r..
.
lr
ep
xu
a
is
,
ep
ro
...
ei
os
is
,
se
ei
os
lr
ex
m
m
5
is
,s
4
ua
ito
s
m
3
ito
s
2
m
1
gr
ow
th
25% 25% 25% 25%
is
,g
1.
2.
3.
4.
ro
w
th
26
How many pairs of chromosomes does this cell
have?
3
4
5
25%
25%
25%
8
2
25%
6
1
2
4
6
8
4
1.
2.
3.
4.
2
27
28
Why does the cell labeled B have more
chromosomes than cell A?
A
B
C
D
the cell has divided
one chromosome from each pair has
been replicated
both chromosomes from each pair have
been replicated
the cell has mutated
m
ut
at
ed
...
ll
h
as
om
es
ce
e
ch
ro
m
os
om
e
fr
o.
..
d
th
5
th
4
ch
3
e
2
on
1
th
e
ce
ro
m
os
ll
h
as
4.
bo
3.
25% 25% 25% 25%
di
vi
de
1.
2.
29
Meiosis creates what type of cells?
haploid
diploid
gametes
1 and 3
2 and 3
2
an
d
3
20%
3
id
es
an
d
5
1
4
m
et
3
ga
2
20% 20% 20% 20%
pl
oi
d
1
D
ha
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
C
pl
o
B
di
A
Meiosis
A
B
C
Diploid
Tetraploid
2 of each
chromosome
4 of each
chromosome
2N
4N
D
Diploid
Haploid
2 of each
chromosome
1 of each
chromosome
2N
1N
“b” is a mutant version of the allele B. 50% of the
male and none of the female offspring show a
mutated phenotype. Is the mutant version “b”
dominant or recessive?
5
n’
tk
.
gh
4
no
u
3
te
2
no
1
no
w
25% 25% 25% 25%
at
..
dominant
recessive
not enough information given
don’t know
do
XBY
ve
XbY
si
Y
in
fo
rm
XBXB
t
XBXb
ce
s
XB
re
XB
do
1.
2.
3.
4.
Xb
m
in
an
30
“b” is a mutant version of the allele B. 50% of the
male and 50% of the female offspring show a
mutated phenotype. Is the mutant version “b”
dominant or recessive?
5
n’
tk
.
gh
4
no
u
3
te
2
no
1
no
w
25% 25% 25% 25%
at
..
dominant
recessive
not enough information given
don’t know
do
XBY
ve
XbY
si
Y
in
fo
rm
XBXB
t
XBXb
ce
s
XB
re
XB
do
1.
2.
3.
4.
Xb
m
in
an
31