Transcript Human Growth and Development Genetics

Genetics
Human Growth and Development
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Human growth and
development is the study of
how people change as they
go through life.
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Development is similar for
everyone, but each person
grows and develops at an
individual rate.
Areas of Development

Physical development - all the
bodily changes that occur as
a person grows and ages.

Intellectual development - a
person’s ability to learn
something and then apply this
knowledge to new problems
and experiences.
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Emotional development changes in a person’s ability to
establish a unique identity and
express feelings.
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Social development - learning
to interact with other people.
Hierarchy of Human Needs
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A psychologist named Abraham
Maslow developed a system of
basic human needs.
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Hierarchy of human needs:
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Food, shelter, bodily comfort
Safety, security
To feel loved, have a sense of
belonging
Self-esteem, approval
Desire to live up to one’s potential
Genetics

Genetics is an area of biology
that deals with the passing of
genes from parents to
children.
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Genes contain DNA:
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DNA consists of 23 pairs of
chromosomes
Each pair is made up of one
chromosome from the mother
and one from the father.
Genetic Diseases

Genes can mutate, or
break, and become the
basis of disease.
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Two types of genetic
diseases:
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Single-gene
Chromosomal
Single Gene Diseases

A single-gene disease results
from an individual mutant
gene.
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This type of mutant gene may
either create an abnormality
or fail to make something that
is necessary.
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Examples:
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Cystic fibrosis
Phenylketonuria
Hemophilia
Albinism
Sickle cell anemia
Red-green color blindness
Tay-Sachs disease
Huntington disease
Chromosomal Diseases
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Chromosomal diseases are
the result of chromosomal
breakage, an abnormal
chromosome, or a missing
chromosome
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Two categories of
chromosomal diseases are
trisomy and monosomy.
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Examples:
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Down syndrome
Klinefelter syndrome
Turner syndrome
Genetic Research
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Gene therapy - treatment of
single-cell disease by
replacing the mutant gene.
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Genetic engineering imitation and artificial
manipulation of DNA to
create recombinant DNA.