Transcript PowerPoint Presentation - The pace of Dr. Taub`s lectures have been

Dr. Taub’s lectures have been
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A:
B:
C:
D:
Terrible
Barely acceptable
Quite good
Beyond awesome!
Dr. Taub’s lectures have been
•
•
•
•
A:
B:
C:
D:
Terrible
Barely acceptable
Quite good
Beyond awesome!
Using the variables we have been
discussing, how many individuals
will be born in a population during
one time interval?
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A:
B:
C:
D:
d
b
bN
dN
Using the variables we have been
discussing, how many individuals
will be born in a population during
one time interval?
•
•
•
•
A:
B:
C:
D:
d
b
bN
dN
What is the growth rate of a
logistically growing population
when N=K?
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A:
B:
C:
D:
0 (zero)
rmaxN
rmax
K-rmax
What is the growth rate of a
logistically growing population
when N=K?
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•
•
•
A:
B:
C:
D:
0 (zero)
rmaxN
rmax
K-rmax
What happens to a logistically
growing population that is above its
carrying capacity?
• A: The population remains
stable
• B: The population grows
• C: The population declines
• D: The population increases to
infinity
What happens to a logistically
growing population that is above its
carrying capacity?
• A: The population remains
stable
• B: The population grows
• C: The population declines
• D: The population increases to
infinity
• If we were to cross a white-flowered individual
with a heterozygote for the flower color locus,
what proportion of purple and white-flowered
individuals would we expect among their
offspring?
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A: 1/2 purple, 1/2 white
B: 2/3 purple, 1/3 white
C: 3/4 purple, 1/4 white
D: all purple
• If we were to cross a white-flowered individual with a
heterozygote for the flower color locus, what
proportion of purple and white-flowered individuals
would we expect among their offspring?
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A: 1/2 purple, 1/2 white
B: 2/3 purple, 1/3 white
C: 3/4 purple, 1/4 white
D: all purple
• For seed color in peas, yellow is dominant and
green is recessive. If we were to cross a
heterozygote with a yellow homozygote, what
proportion of yellow and green seeded individuals
would we expect among their progeny?
• A: 1/2 yellow, 1/2 green
• B: 2/3 yellow, 1/3 green
• C: 3/4 yellow, 1/4 green
• D: all yellow
• For seed color in peas, yellow is dominant and green is
recessive. If we were to cross a heterozygote with a yellow
homozygote, what proportion of yellow and green seeded
individuals would we expect among their progeny?
• A: 1/2 yellow, 1/2 green
• B: 2/3 yellow, 1/3 green
• C: 3/4 yellow, 1/4 green
• D: all yellow
• We cross a purple-flowered pea with a
white-flowered pea. We produce 100
offspring from this cross. 1/2 of the
offspring have purple flowers and 1/2 have
white flowers
• What is the genotype of the purple-flowered
individual?
• A: FF
• B: ff
• C: Ff
• We cross a purple-flowered pea with a
white-flowered pea. We produce 100
offspring from this cross. 1/2 of the
offspring have purple flowers and 1/2 have
white flowers
• What is the genotype of the purple-flowered
individual?
• A: FF
• B: ff
• C: Ff
• The A locus codes for hair color (A=auburn,
a=red) and the B locus codes for size (B=big,
b=small). If we cross an individual with genotype
AaBb with an individual with genotype AAbb,
what proportion of phenotypes do we expect to see
in their offspring?
• A: 1/2 auburn small, 1/2 red big
• B: 9/16 auburn big, 3/16 auburn small, 3/16 red
big, 1/16 red small
• C: 1/2 auburn big, 1/2 auburn small
• D: all auburn big
• The A locus codes for hair color (A=auburn, a=red) and the
B locus codes for size (B=big, b=small). If we cross an
individual with genotype AaBb with an individual with
genotype AAbb, what proportion of phenotypes do we
expect to see in their offspring?
• A: 1/2 auburn small, 1/2 red big
• B: 9/16 auburn big, 3/16 auburn small, 3/16 red big, 1/16
red small
• C: 1/2 auburn big, 1/2 auburn small
• D: all auburn big
In Graco’s Zebras, the lip locus controls the size of an
individual’s lips. Small lips are dominant and large
lips are recessive. The height locus controls how tall
an individual is. Tall is dominant and short is
recessive. We cross an individual who is a
heterozygote for the height locus and has large lips
with an individual who is short and is heterozygous for
the lip locus. We expect their children to be:
A:1/4 tall big lips, 1/2 tall small lips, 1/4 short big lips
B: 1/4 tall big lips, 1/4 tall small lips, 1/4 short big
lips,1/4 short small lips
C: 1/2 tall small lips, 1/2 short small lips
D: 1/2 short small lips, 1/2 short big lips
In Graco’s Zebras, the lip locus controls the size of an
individual’s lips. Small lips are dominant and large
lips are recessive. The height locus controls how tall
an individual is. Tall is dominant and short is
recessive. We cross an individual who is a
heterozygote for the height locus and has large lips
with an individual who is short and is heterozygous for
the lip locus. We expect their children to be:
A:1/4 tall big lips, 1/2 tall small lips, 1/4 short big lips
B: 1/4 tall big lips, 1/4 tall small lips, 1/4 short big lips,1/4 short small
lips
C: 1/2 tall small lips, 1/2 short small lips
D: 1/2 short small lips, 1/2 short big lips
We cross a totally black individual with an
individual with a genotype ofAaBBDd.
What ratio of phenotypes do we expect in
their offspring?
A:
B:
C:
D:
Doses of pigmentation
0 1 2 3 4 5
0 0 0 0 1 1
0 0 0 0 1 2
0 0 0 1 3 3
1 6 15 20 15 6
6
1
1
1
1
We cross a totally black individual with an
individual with a genotype ofAaBBDd.
What ratio of phenotypes do we expect in
their offspring?
A:
B:
C:
D:
Doses of pigmentation
0 1 2 3 4 5
0 0 0 0 1 1
0 0 0 0 1 2
0 0 0 1 3 3
1 6 15 20 15 6
6
1
1
1
1
We cross an individual with a genotype of
AABbDd with one of genotype AaBBDD.
What ratio of phenotypes do we expect in
their offspring?
A:
B:
C:
D:
Doses of pigmentation
0 1 2 3 4 5
0 0 0 0 1 1
0 0 0 0 1 2
0 0 0 1 3 3
1 6 15 20 15 6
6
1
1
1
1
We cross an individual with a genotype of
AABbDd with one of genotype AaBBDD.
What ratio of phenotypes do we expect in
their offspring?
A:
B:
C:
D:
Doses of pigmentation
0 1 2 3 4 5
0 0 0 0 1 1
0 0 0 0 1 2
0 0 0 1 3 3
1 6 15 20 15 6
6
1
1
1
1
In Unger’s spiderwort, the genes for flower color and
flower shape are on different chromosomes. Purple
flowers and oblong flowers are dominant. In a cross
between a double heterozygote and a double recessive
homozygote, what phenotypic proportions are expected?
Purple, Red,
Purple, Red,
oblong oblong spherical spherical
A: 1/8
3 /8
3 /8
1 /8
B: 1/2
0
0
1/2
C: 9/16
3/16
3/16
1/16
D: 1/4
1/4
1/4
1/4
In Unger’s spiderwort, the genes for flower color and
flower shape are on different chromosomes. Purple
flowers and oblong flowers are dominant. In a cross
between a double heterozygote and a double recessive
homozygote, what phenotypic proportions are expected?
Purple, Red,
Purple, Red,
oblong oblong spherical spherical
A: 1/8
3 /8
3 /8
1 /8
B: 1/2
0
0
1/2
C: 9/16
3/16
3/16
1/16
D:
1/4
1/4
1/4
1/4
What if the genes for flower color and flower shape are
completely linked? Purple flowers and oblong flowers
are dominant. In a cross between a double heterozygote
FH/fh and a double recessive homozygote, what
phenotypic proportions are expected?
Purple, Red,
Purple, Red,
oblong oblong spherical spherical
A: 1/8
3 /8
3 /8
1 /8
B: 1/2
0
0
1/2
C: 9/16
3/16
3/16
1/16
D: 1/4
1/4
1/4
1/4
What if the genes for flower color and flower shape are
completely linked? Purple flowers and oblong flowers
are dominant. In a cross between a double heterozygote
FH/fh and a double recessive homozygote, what
phenotypic proportions are expected?
Purple, Red,
Purple, Red,
oblong oblong spherical spherical
A: 1/8
3 /8
3 /8
1 /8
B:
1/2
0
0
1/2
C: 9/16
3/16
3/16
1/16
D: 1/4
1/4
1/4
1/4
Linkage means:
• A: Two genes become separated by crossingover during meiotic prophase I
• B: Two alleles are always present together on
the same chromosome
• C: Two genes are located on the same
chromosome and do not assort independently
• D: Recombination takes place at a high rate
between two alleles
Linkage means:
• A: Two genes become separated by crossingover during meiotic prophase I
• B: Two alleles are always present together on
the same chromosome
• C: Two genes are located on the same chromosome and
do not assort independently
• D: Recombination takes place at a high rate
between two alleles
If there were no crossing-over, what
would be different than the way things
actually are today?
• A: Linkage would not exist between any
pairs of genes
• B: The recombination rate between genes
on the same chromosome would be zero
• C: There would be no independent
assortment of any pairs of genes
• D: Linkage would be limited to pairs of
genes located on the same chromosome
If there were no crossing-over, what
would be different than the way things
actually are today?
• A: Linkage would not exist between any
pairs of genes
• B: The recombination rate between genes on the same
chromosome would be zero
• C: There would be no independent
assortment of any pairs of genes
• D: Linkage would be limited to pairs of
genes located on the same chromosome
In a cross between a double heterozygote
Fh/fH and a double recessive homozygote, we obtain
The following % of offspring
Purple, Red,
Purple, Red,
oblong oblong spherical spherical
16%
35%
31%
18%
What is the recombination frequency for
this pair of genes?
A: 16 %
B: 17%
C: 34% D: 66%
In a cross between a double heterozygote
Fh/fH and a double recessive homozygote, we obtain
The following % of offspring
Purple, Red,
Purple, Red,
oblong oblong spherical spherical
16%
35%
31%
18%
What is the recombination frequency for
this pair of genes?
A: 16 %
B: 17%
C: 34%
D: 66%
We observe the following
recombination frequencies for four
genes on the same chromosome:
af 12%
The order of these genes along
the chromosome is
ag 19%
A: hgfa
ah 7%
B: gafh
fg 9%
C: gfha
fh 17%
D: gfah
gh 24%
We observe the following
recombination frequencies for four
genes on the same chromosome:
af 12%
The order of these genes along
the chromosome is
ag 19%
A: hgfa
ah 7%
B: gafh
fg 9%
C: gfha
fh 17%
D: gfah
gh 24%
Toe diameter is a an X-linked character. Skinny
toes is dominant over fat toes. We cross a skinny
toed male with a heterozygote female. What do we
expect for toe diameter in their children?
A: Their sons will have skinny toes, and their
daughters will have fat toes
B: Their daughters will have skinny toes, and their
sons will have fat toes
C: Half of their sons will have fat toes, and all their
daughters will have skinny toes
D: Half of their daughters will have fat toes, and all
their sons will have skinny toes
Toe diameter is a an X-linked character. Skinny
toes is dominant over fat toes. We cross a skinny
toed male with a heterozygote female. What do we
expect for toe diameter in their children?
A: Their sons will have skinny toes, and their
daughters will have fat toes
B: Their daughters will have skinny toes, and their
sons will have fat toes
C: Half of their sons will have fat toes, and all their
daughters will have skinny toes
D: Half of their daughters will have fat toes, and all
their sons will have skinny toes
Two individuals without a genetic
disorder mate and produce a child with
a genetic disorder. This disorder:
• A: Might be a simple recessive disorder, but is
unlikely to be a simple dominant disorder
• B: Might be a simple dominant disorder, but is
unlikely to be a simple recessive disorder
• C: Might well be either a simple recessive or a
simple dominant disorder
• D: Is unlikely to be either a simple recessive or
a simple dominant disorder
Two individuals without a genetic
disorder mate and produce a child with
a genetic disorder. This disorder:
• A: Might be a simple recessive disorder, but
is unlikely to be a simple dominant disorder
• B: Might be a simple dominant disorder, but is unlikely
to be a simple recessive disorder
• C: Might well be either a simple recessive or a simple
dominant disorder
• D: Is unlikely to be either a simple recessive or a simple
dominant disorder
Two individuals with a genetic disorder
mate. 101 of their 412 offspring have
the disorder, and the rest do not. This
disorder:
• A: Might be a simple recessive disorder, but is
unlikely to be a simple dominant disorder
• B: Might be a simple dominant disorder, but is
unlikely to be a simple recessive disorder
• C: Might well be either a simple recessive or a
simple dominant disorder
• D: Is unlikely to be either a simple recessive or
a simple dominant disorder
Two individuals with a genetic disorder
mate. 101 of their 412 offspring have
the disorder, and the rest do not. This
disorder:
• A: Might be a simple recessive disorder, but is
unlikely to be a simple dominant disorder
• B: Might be a simple dominant disorder, but is
unlikely to be a simple recessive disorder
• C: Might well be either a simple recessive or a
simple dominant disorder
• D: Is unlikely to be either a simple recessive
or a simple dominant disorder
If there are 500 individuals in a
population, how many copies of
each gene will there be in the gene
pool?
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A: 250
B: 500
C: 501
D: 1000
If there are 500 individuals in a
population, how many copies of
each gene will there be in the gene
pool?
• A: 250
• B: 500
• C: 501
• D: 1000
We find in a population that we have
250 individuals with the genotype
AA, 125 with the genotype Aa and
125 with the genotype aa. What is the
frequency of the a allele?
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A: 12.5 %
B: 25 %
C: 37.5 %
D: 50%
We find in a population that we have
250 individuals with the genotype
AA, 125 with the genotype Aa and
125 with the genotype aa. What is the
frequency of the a allele?
• A: 12.5 %
• B: 25 %
• C: 37.5 %
• D: 50%
The genotype frequencies for the G
locus in a certain population are
GG: 0.56 Gg: 0.28 gg: 0.16
What are the gamete frequencies
produced by this population?
A: G 84% g 44%
B: G 70% g 30%
C: G 56% g 16%
D: G 84% g 16%
The genotype frequencies for the G
locus in a certain population are
GG: 0.56 Gg: 0.28 gg: 0.16
What are the gamete frequencies
produced by this population?
A: G 84% g 44%
B: G 70%
C: G 56%
D: G 84%
g 30%
g 16%
g 16%
What are the expected diploid genotype
frequencies in the next generation of this
population, assuming random mating?
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•
•
•
A: G 70%
B: G 56%
C: GG 49%
D: GG 56%
g 30%
g 16%
Gg 42% gg 9%
Gg 28% gg 16%
What are the expected diploid genotype
frequencies in the next generation of this
population, assuming random mating?
• A: G 70%
• B: G 56%
g 30%
g 16%
• C: GG 49% Gg 42% gg 9%
• D: GG 56% Gg 28% gg 16%
We have a population of 500
individuals, and the genotype
frequencies for the EFF gene are:
FF: 395 Ff:10 ff:95
What are the actual allele frequencies?
•
•
•
•
A:
B:
C:
D:
F= .89
F= .80
F= .79
F= .40
f= .11
f= .20
f= .19
f= .10
We have a population of 500
individuals, and the genotype
frequencies for the EFF gene are:
FF: 395 Ff:10 ff:95
What are the actual allele frequencies?
•
•
•
•
A:
B:
C:
D:
F= .89
F= .80
F= .79
F= .40
f= .11
f= .20
f= .19
f= .10
Given these allele frequencies, what
would we expect the genotype counts
to be in a randomly-mating population?
A:
FF
800
Ff
0
ff
200
B:
64
32
4
C:
320
160
20
D:
640
320
40
Given these allele frequencies, what
would we expect the genotype counts
to be in a randomly-mating population?
A:
FF
800
Ff
0
ff
200
B:
64
32
4
C:
320
160
20
D:
640
320
40