Transcript Biology 1060 Chapter 20 - College of Southern Maryland

Biology 1060
Chapter 20
DNA Technology and
Genomics
Manipulating Genomes
Define genetic engineering, recombinant
DNA, biotechnology
Define gene clone and plasmid
– Describe their usefulness
Discuss the utility of restriction enzymes in
vivo and in vitro
Eukaryotic Genes Cloning
Describe the use of resistance to
antibiotics and enzymes to hydrolyze
specific substrates in gene cloning
Describe the use of a nucleic acid probe
and denaturation in nucleic acid
hybridization
Define genome library
– Describe its possibilities
Eukaryotic Gene Cloning continued
Compare and contrast a genome library
and cDNA library
Describe the prolems of attempting to
express eukaryotic genes in a prokaryote
– Describe how these problems have been
overcome
Describe the benefits and drawbacks of
polymerase chain reaction
Restriction Fragments
Describe the benefits of restriction
fragment analyses
Describe the processes of gel
electrophoresis and Southern blotting
– Describe the information obtained from these
techniques
Describe restriction fragment length
polymorphisms
– Describe their uses in finding genetic markers
Genome Mapping
Describe the three techniques used to
uncover an entire genome
Discuss the significance of the “most
ambitious mapping project to date” and
other genome sequences
Genomics
Describe the value of genomics
Discuss the reasons the human genome
has only 25% to 50% of the previously
estimated size
Discuss two techniques used to determine
a functional gene
Scientific Inquiry p. 410
Genomics
Describe how genomics help discover how
genes interact to produce and maintain a
functioning organism
Describe the usefulness of genome
comparisons to evolutionary studies
Discuss proteomes and its value to
humans
Applications
Discuss the medical applications of DNA
technology
Discuss ethical issues associated with
gene therapy
Describe how DNA technology can be
used by pharmaceutical scientists
Discuss DNA fingerprinting as used in
forensics
Agriculture and DNA Technology
Describe the usefulness of transgenic
animals
Describe the usefulness of transgenic
plants
Safety and Ethics
Describe the safety concerns regarding
genetic modifications to organisms
Discuss ethical issues regarding genetic
modifications
Evolution Connection p. 410
Science, Technology, and Society p. 410