Transcript 5/11/15 WARM UP - Chandler Unified School District

5/11/15 SUCCESS
• Have out something to read or study
5/11/15 WARM UP
• Make a list of 3 physical characteristics you
received from your mom & 3 from your dad
– If not sure, make a list of common physical
characteristics/traits
• ANNOUNCEMENTS:
– TEST FRIDAY
– Read chpt 4:1,2 & 4 by Wednesday
TRAITS & CHARACTERISTICS
• Acquired vs. Inherited
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mehz7tC
xjSE
TOPIC: GENETICS
• EQ: How are traits passed?
I. Gregor Mendel
• Austrian Monk
• Crossed pea plants and saw
what traits were passed on
from generation to generation
• Heredity: the passing of
physical characteristics from
parents to offspring
• Trait: each different form of a
characteristic (green or yellow
plant)
II. Mendel’s Experiments
• Crossing Pea Plants:
– Fertilization: when the egg and sperm of an
organism join to create a new organism
– Purebred: the offspring of many generations that
have the same trait
II. Mendel’s Experiments
• F1 Cross: Tall x Short
• Offspring:
All tall
II. Mendel’s Experiments
• F2 Cross: Tall x Tall
• Offspring:
3 tall & 1 short
III. Dominant & Recessive Alleles
– Concluded that traits can mask, or
hide, other traits or factors
•
Tallness masks shortness trait
– Genes: the factors that control a trait
from the DNA
– Alleles: Different forms of the gene
(tall vs. short) and what is inherited
from parents (ma allele & pa allele)
III. Dominant & Recessive Alleles
– Dominant allele: a trait that masks the
other trait and always shows up in an
organism
– Recessive allele: the hidden trait when a
dominant is also present
– Purebred
– Hybrid: when an organism has two
different alleles for the same trait
•
Ex: Tall (ma allele) & Short (pa allele)
III. Dominant & Recessive Alleles
– Symbols: use letters to represent
dominant or recessive
•
•
Dominant: capital letters
Recessive: lower case letters
Practice #1
• F1 Cross: Tall x Short
Practice #2
• F2 Cross: Tall x Tall
Pea Plants
Human Traits
• Free ear lobes (E)
• Attached ear lobes (e)
• Widow’s peak (w)
• No widow’s peak (W)
• Cleft chin (C)
• No cleft chin (c)
• Dimples (D)
• No dimples (d)
• PTC (T)
• No PTC (t)