Transcript Plant Biology 1401 - Texas Tech University

Plant Biology 1401
Introduction
Welcome!
• Biology 1401
• Section 002
• Dr. Ravi Dani
– 208 Biological Sciences
– [email protected]
– 806-742-2707
How to Succeed in Biol. 1401
1. Read text of each lesson. Read it before class.
2. Attend class. Pay attention. Take notes on lectures. Use
opportunity to learn material, ask questions if unclear.
3. Use slides on class web page to review. For
many lectures there will be some explanatory text with
some or all of the slides – this is meant to supplement the
text and lectures, not replace them.
4. Make a list, and study, unfamiliar terms. There will
probably be many – in the process of learning them, you
will learn much of the course material..
• Attendance Policy: Attendance is
required to perform well in this course. If
you have a university function or illness that
will cause you to miss an exam, contact Dr.
Dani before the exam or no later than one
day following the exam date.
Missed Exam Policy:
• Only medical emergencies (with
Doctor’s note) allowed.
• No late appearances, excuses (such as
flat tires, hospitalized grandfathers, etc.)
considered.
• 1 week to make up exam – arrange a time
Policy of Exams
• Grading Policy:
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3 Hour Exams in Lecture (3 hourly exams - 50
questions, 2 points each and one final comprehensive
exam - 100 questions, 1 pt. each)
= 45%
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Laboratory
= 30%
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Final Exam
= 25%
• Extra-credit quizzes will count towards hour exams and
the final. There will be FIVE unannounced extra Credit
Quizzes, each carrying 5 points.
Civility in the Classroom:
• You are expected to conduct yourselves in such a
way as to provide a good learning environment
for all students. Therefore, disruptions that affect
other students or the lecturer will not be tolerated.
Such disruptions include, but are not limited to:
leaving lecture before the class is dismissed
without permission, reading newspapers or books
from another class, talking to neighbors, ringing
of cellular phones, and eating and drinking.
Class Web Site
• http://www.biology.ttu.edu
– People
– Faculty
– Ravi G. Dani
• Background information: help to prepare
you for the exams
• Lecture slides
• Exam results & course grade
Your course materials
• Linda Berg
• Introductory Botany,
2nd Edition
Organization of Text Units
• 1. The Plant Cell (Chapters 2-4)
• 2. Plant Structure & Life Processes (Ch. 5-11)
• 3. The Continuity of Life (Ch. 12-17)
• 4. Diversity (Ch. 18-25)
• 5. Plant Ecology (Ch. 26-27).
Useful hints about textbook
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Glossary
Questions
Activities
Animations!
Other links
WORLD IN 21st CENTURY
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100% increase in World’s population
(12 billion by the year 2035).
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50% reduction in forests cover.
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Life expectancy close to 100 years in
most parts of the world.
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World resources of fossil fuel will be
totally consumed.
PLANT AND PEOPLE
Plant have determined the very course of human
civilization. The material culture of nearly every
society is based more on plants than on animals.
 Search for lands of spices led to the discovery of
Americas and colonial invasion of Asia and Africa.
 Patterns of international trade in rubber, opium
and quinine have altered the fates of entire
nations.
 Medicinal herbs, possessing aphrodisiac properties
and longevity have resulted in immense
biodiversity loss and continued global smuggling.
Humans use plant byproducts
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Turpentine
Dyes
Resin
Mulch
Decorative Bark
Careers in Biosciences
• The large, multidisciplinary Human Genome Project (HGP)–the
completed effort of finding all human genes and characterizing a
reference genome–has promised to revolutionize the future so
profoundly that the 21st has been dubbed the "biology century."
• Almost everyone will be affected by applications of information and
technologies derived from the HGP era of the late 20th century.
• Entirely new approaches will be implemented in biological research
and the practice of medicine and agriculture.
• Genetic data will provide the foundation for research in many
biological subdisciplines, leading to an unprecedented understanding
of the inner workings of whole biological systems.
• The biotechnology industry has more than tripled in size between
1992 and 2001, with revenue increasing from $8 billion to $27.6
billion.
• In 2001, there were 191,000 U.S. employees, and more opportunities
are expected in healthcare, food production, and environmental
cleanup (www.bio.org).
• In regard to the burgeoning drug industry based on genomics, the
Consulting Resources Corporation’s newsletter for biotechnology
professionals said, "We expect the growing family of new genomics,
proteomics, and bioinformatics technologies to dominate . . .
developments in therapeutics by greatly improving the efficiency and
speed of the entire drug discovery, testing, and approval process."
• Medicine
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Medical genetics, genetic counseling, genetic nursing
Gene testing, gene therapy
Organ transplantation, fertility, and reproduction
Public health
Pharmaceutical industry and suppliers
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Pharmacogenomics
Chemical, vaccine, medicine development and production
Database development, operation, use
Communication, work with regulatory agencies
• Agriculture and Wildlife
– Genetic modification of foods and seeds
– Biopesticide and neutriceutical development
– Wildlife management: Identification, protection
of endangered species
– Authentication of consumables such as wine,
caviar.
• Computational Biology (including
Bioinformatics)
– Database creation, data analysis, modeling,
data transfer
– Supercomputing
– Mathematics, statistics, actuarial field
• Engineering Disciplines
– Bioprocessing chamber, vat design and
production
– Toxic-waste cleanup
– Instrumentation development
– Creation of new energy sources via
engineering, life science research
– Biomedical engineering.
• Business
– Biosciences industry investing
– Marketing and sales
– Banking
• Law and Justice
– Education
– Patent specialties
– Specialties in ethical, legal, and social issues
– Gene and paternity testing
– DNA forensics--in the laboratory, in the field, in
the courtroom
• History and Anthropology
– Use of genetics to study population, migration
patterns
– Study of inheritance over evolutionary time
• Military
– Soldier identification
– Pathogen identification
– Biological and chemical warfare protection
– Radiation-exposure assessment
• Space Exploration
– Research into space effects
– Search for other life forms, evidence of life
• Bench Science
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Sequencing of many organisms, including human
Data analysis, computation
Functional genomics
Proteomics
Human variation in health and disease
Microbial genetics
Environmental studies
Education
• Bioscience Communication
– Reporting, writing, editing
– Website development, maintenance
– Public relations
– Marketing
– Special events