Transcript Mr. Altorfer NJ Ask Life Science Review

Thomas Jefferson
Middle School
NJ Ask
Life Science Review
Created by: Mr. Altorfer
Just a few reminders to help you
to do your best on the NJ ASK.
Cells
 The
Cell Theory-
Cells

Two Types of Cells:
– Prokaryotic Cells: Cells that do not contain
a nucleus or organized organelles.
 Example- Bacteria Cells
– Eukaryotic-: Cells that contain a nucleus and
organized (membrane bound) organelles.
 Example: Plant and animal cells
Prokaryotic Cells
No nucleus or
organized
organelles.
Plant vs. Animal Cells
Classification of Living Things
King Phillip came over for good spaghetti!
Classification of Living Things
Types of Reproduction

Asexual Reproduction- Reproduction
that does not involve the union of sex cells
(sperm & egg).
– One parent produces offspring that are
genetically identical to the parent.
 Example: Bacteria
Asexual Reproduction
The parent cell splits or
divides to from a new
cell! They are both the
same! No genetic
variation.
Types of Reproduction

Sexual Reproduction- Reproduction in
which the sex cells (sperm & egg) from
two parents unite to produce offspring
that share the traits (characteristics) of
both parents.
– Example: People, animals, plants
Sexual Reproduction
As a result of sexual reproduction
the offspring share the traits or
characteristics of both parents.
Sexual Reproduction
Photosynthesis
and Respiration
Photosynthesis
What is the equation for the chemical reaction of photosynthesis?
What is the equation for the
chemical reaction of
photosynthesis?
Six molecules of carbon dioxide react with six
molecules of water to form 1 molecule of
glucose and six molecules of oxygen.
What is Cellular Respiration?
What is Cellular Respiration?

Cellular Respiration- The process that
cells use oxygen to produce energy from
food.
SUMMARY
Photosynthesis
Genetics
Yellow Pod
Green pod
Yellow Pod
Yellow pod
Big “Y” is dominant over little “y”
A Punnet Square is a
tool that can be used
to show how traits
(genes) will be passed
on from one
generation to the
next.
Genetics
Genotype vs. Phenotype

Genotype- The genetic makeup of an
organism.

Phenotype- An organism’s appearance.
(What the organism looks like)
Genetics
Here the relation between genotype and phenotype is illustrated, using a
Punnett square, for the character of petal color in pea. The letters B and b
represent genes for color and the pictures show the resultant flowers.
DNA

DNA- A double helix molecule that carries
all the inherited characteristics of an
organism.
– Your genes are found on your DNA.
– Half your genes come from your mom, the
other half come from your dad.
The Structure of DNA
The letters represent a
structure called a base.
A = Adenine
T = Thymine
G = Guanine
C = Cytosine
Mutations
When DNA is copied incorrectly mutations occur!
Levels of Organization
Organ Systems

Nervous System, respiratory system,
circulatory system, reproductive system
Organ Systems
Circulatory
System
Digestive System
Abiotic vs. Biotic

Abiotic- The non-living parts of the
environment. (rocks, air, water, light,
temperature)
 Biotic- The living factors in the
environment, (plants, animals, bacteria,
fungi)
Abiotic vs. Biotic