Transcript Astronomy 101 Review - Physics and Astronomy

ASTRONOMY 101 REVIEW
Things you might want to remember
2ND EXAM ASTRONOMY 101
• Monday October 10th
• 4:00 PM to 5:30 PM
• Do not come to Regener Hall 103
• Log on to Mastering Astronomy
• Use a computer with a good internet connection
• 50 Questions each worth 2 points
ESCAPE VELOCITY
• What is the escape velocity for a planet that has a mass of
6x1024 kg and a radius of 6.4x10 3 km?
A. 1 m/s
B. 11 m/s
C. 110 m/s
D. 1100 m/s
E. 11,000 m/s
E. 11,000 M/S (THE PLANET IS EARTH)
• 𝑣=
2𝐺𝑚
𝑟
• G = 6.67 x 10 -11 kg (m/s2) m2 / kg2
• m = 6 x 10 24 kg
• r = 6.4 km (convert to meters 6.4 x 10 6 m
DENSITY
• Density is defined as
A. Weight per square inch
B. Weight divided by the planet’s radius
C. Mass per unit volume
D. Mass times weight
D. MASS PER UNIT VOLUME
• Mass is given in mass / volume
• Example: Earth’s density is 5500 kg / m 3
• Example: Water is 1000 kg / m 3 (at 5 degrees C)
PLANETARY ORBITS
• Earth’s orbit is
A. Highly inclined to the ecliptic
B. Almost circular, with low eccentricity
C. Has the Sun at the exact center
D. Changing with the seasons
E. Smaller than Mercury’s
B. ALMOST CIRCULAR WITH LOW ECCENTRICITY
• Copernicus thought in perfect circles as that was the
order of the day
• Kepler freed us from the perfect circle and gave us
elliptical orbits
Kepler rocks
COMET TALES
• The tails of comets always point
A. North
B. Toward the magnetic pole
C. Away from the Sun
D. Toward the sun
E. Opposite the direction of travel
C. AWAY FROM THE SUN
ANGULAR MOMENTUM
• Angular momentum increases as
A. The radius of a gas cloud gets larger
B. The diameter of a gas cloud gets larger
C. As a gas cloud contracts
D. Stays the same as a gas cloud contracts
E. Varies with the time of day
D. STAYS THE SAME
• Angular momentum is conserved as gas clouds
contract. That is why they spin faster as the cloud gets
smaller.
BARRINGER CRATER
• Barringer crater in Arizona was created by what?
A. Meter
B. Meteor
C. Meteorite
D. Asteroid
E. Comet
C. METEORITE
• “Any piece of interplanetary debris that survives its fiery
passage through our atmosphere and finds its way to
the ground is called a meteorite.” Chaisson
EARTH’S ATMOSPHERE
• Which layer of Earth’s atmosphere contains most of the
oxygen that we need to breath?
A. Mesosphere
B. Stratosphere
C. Ozone layer
D. Troposphere
E. Ionosphere
D. TROPOSPHERE
MORNING STAR
• Which of the following is considered the morning star?
A. Sirius
B. Alpha Centauri
C. Vega
D. Venus
E. T J Trout
D. VENUS
CO2 on Venus
gives it clouds
with high
reflectivity and
runaway
greenhouse effect
VOLCANOES
• The Olympus Mons volcano on Mars is an example of a
A. Cinder cone
B. Composite
C. Shield
D. Lava dome
E. Igneous
C. SHIELD VOLCANO
MARS
• In the layer of permafrost on Mars is thought to be
A. Carbon dioxide
B. Nitrogen
C. Methane
D. Bud light
E. Water
E. WATER H20
• The poles are
thought to be CO2
but in other areas
we think there may
be a layer of water
under the top soil
with frozen water
MAGNETIC FIELD
• The presence of a magnetic field around a planet is an
indication that
A. It has a conductive core
B. It has rapid rotation
C. It has a high density
D. It has rings
E. It is old
A. CONDUCTIVE CORE
• A core made of
conductive material is
thought to be needed
to create a magnetic
field.
METHANE
• A planet with a mostly methane atmosphere would
appear what color?
A. Blue
B. Red
C. Green
D. Yellow
E. Orange
A. BLUE
• Methane
absorbs red
wavelengths of
light. What is
reflected is blue
which is what
we see.
ARIZONA CONNECTION
• Clyde Tombaugh and Percival Lowell are remembered for
the discovery of which solar system body?
A. Mercury
B. Neptune
C. Uranus
D. Eris
E. Pluto
E. PLUTO
NAKED EYE VIEWING
• Which planet cannot be seen with the naked eye?
A. Pluto
B. Uranus
C. Triton
D. Mercury
E. Neptune
D. NEPTUNE
• 5 planets in
one photo
THE LARGEST MOON
• The largest moon in the solar system shows signs of
crustal tectonics which one is it?
A. Triton
B. Titan
C. Europa
D. Io
E. Ganymede
E. GANYMEDE
• Areas that look
as if something
similar to our
Earth’s plate
tectonics has
taken place.
2ND EXAM ASTRONOMY 101
• Monday October 10th
• 4:00 PM to 5:30 PM
• Do not come to Regener Hall 103
• Log on to Mastering Astronomy
• Use a computer with a good internet connection
• 50 Questions each worth 2 points