Transcript POWERPOINT JEOPARDY

Genes
Punnett
Squares
Genetic
Fertilization
Terminology
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Question 1 - 10
• What is a gene?
Answer 1 – 10
•Is found in DNA and
contains the information
for traits an organism
will have
Question 1 - 20
• An allele is
Answer 1 – 20
•A different form
(variation) of a gene.
Everyone has 2, one
from mom and one from
dad
Question 1 - 30
• Who was the father of genetics?
Answer 1 – 30
• Gregor Mendel
Question 1 - 40
• Where are genes found?
Answer 1 – 40
• In the DNA, read by
ribosomes
Question 1 - 50
• Where is DNA found?
Answer 1 – 50
• Coiled up into chromosomes, found in the
nucleus of the cell.
Question 2 - 10
• What is a punnett square?
Answer 2 – 10
• Is a way to determine the
probability of what genes
an offspring may have
Question 2 - 20
• Mendel experimented with pea plants. He
started with two purebred plants, one tall and
one short. What was the outcome of the
offspring?
Answer 2 – 20
• All tall plants
Question 2 - 30
• Mendel crossed two plants from the initial P
generation (two purebred, one tall, one short)
which were all tall. What did the F1
generation look like?
Answer 2 – 30
• ¾ tall and ¼ short
Question 2 - 40
• When using a punnett square,
does this determine the absolute
fact of what the offspring will
look like? Why or why not?
Answer 2 – 40
• No it is just a possibility
(the probability that these
genes or traits will occur or
appear)
Question 2 - 50
• When Mendel crossed the two plants from
the P generation (pure bred plants- tall and
short), the offspring came out all tall, but
when he crossed the F1 generation, why did
shortness reappear?
Answer 2 – 50
• The gene (allele) was still
there but was being hidden
by the dominant (tall) trait
Question 3 - 10
• Explain sexual reproduction
Answer 3 – 10
• Combines DNA from 2 parents
(mom and dad) to create
offspring different from the
parents
Question 3 - 20
• What is asexual reproduction?
Answer 3 – 20
• One parents DNA is COPIED to
form offspring that are IDENTICAL
to the parent (can be called
copying, splitting, or budding)
Question 3 - 30
• What is fertilization?
Answer 3 – 30
• Process of combining DNA
from mom and dad via sex
cells to create an offspring
Question 3 - 40
• What are sperm and egg cells?
Answer 3 – 40
• Are sex cells. They contain HALF of the genetic
information from each parent. In humans, they
contain only 23 chromosomes.
• An egg cell contains the genes from mom, all moms
eggs contain X’s for gender
• A sperm cell contains the genes from dad. Sperm
cells can have either X or Y and are the determining
factor for gender.
Question 3 - 50
• How many chromosomes do
body cells have vs. sex cells?
• Why do sex cells (sperm and
eggs) have different numbers of
chromosomes than regular body
cells?
Answer 3 – 50
– Body cells (lung, skin, stomach, muscle, bones,
etc.) have 46 in humans
– Sex cells (sperm and eggs) have 23.
– Sex cells combine DNA from mom and dad to
create offspring. 23+23=46 You get half your
genes from mom and half from dad.
• If sex cells had 46 each, there would be too
many chromosomes to make a child
(46+46=92= no good for humans)
Question 4 - 10
• What’s the rhyme for
determining gender on the 23rd
chromosome?
Answer 4 – 10
• XX determines that the
gender will be a girl
• XY it’s a GUY!!
Question 4 - 20
• How would you explain
Homozygous?
Answer 4 – 20
•
2 of the same alleles for a
gene
Question 4 - 30
• How do you explain if someone is
heterozygous for a trait?
Answer 4 – 30
• 2 different alleles for a gene,
• Contains one dominant trait and one
recessive allele
Question 4 - 40
• How is a genotype different
than a phenotype?
Answer 4 – 40
• A genotype are the TWO specific
alleles (genes) or traits that an
offspring will have. It is a
combination of letters.
• A phenotype is the physical
appearance of a trait. What the
organism looks like
Question 4 - 50
• What is different about a
dominant gene and a recessive
gene?
Answer 4 – 50
– A dominant gene is The allele that always shows
when present
– Represented by a Capital letter
– - A recessive gene is The allele that is hidden by
the dominant one
– Only shows up if the dominant allele is NOT
present
– Represented by a Lower-case letter of the
dominant trait
Question 5 - 10
• What are some examples of the
way that technology has
improved peoples lives
Answer 5 – 10
Question 5 - 20
Answer 5 – 20
Question 5 - 30
Answer 5 – 30
Question 5 - 40
Answer 5 – 40
Question 5 - 50
Answer 5 – 50