Transcript ADP, ATP and Cellular Respiration Powerpoint

Situation: the autotrophs have produced
sugar and oxygen.
Energy
6CO2 + 6H2O  C6H12O6 + 6O2
Now – how do we RELEASE the energy
in that sugar?

Need to turn the sugar into

ATP is the cell’s energy molecule
ATP
What Does ATP Do for
You?
It supplies YOU with ENERGY!
How Do We Get Energy From
ATP?
By breaking the last P – P bond
Adenine
P
P
P
Adenine
P
P
P
How Does That Happen?
An Enzyme!
When is ATP Made in the
Body?
•
During cellular respiration
•
both plants & animals do it!
Cellular Respiration:
releasing the energy in food as ATP
Question:

In what kinds organisms does cellular
respiration take place?
Cellular Respiration is the
reverse of photosynthesis
ATP
C6H12O6 + 6O2
6CO2 + 6H2O+ energy
What are the Stages of
Cellular Respiration?
In cytoplasm
1. Glycolysis (sugar is split)
In mitochondria:
2. The Krebs Cycle (citric acid cycle)
3. The Electron Transport Chain
ETC
Glycolysis
Krebs Cycle
Look at textbook pp 222 - 228
Step 1: Glycolysis
Glucose
C-C-C-C-C-C

2 pyruvic acid
C-C-C
+ C-C-C
http://www.northland.cc.mn.us/biology/Biology1111/animations/glycolysis.ht
ml
Mitochondria

Organelle where cellular respiration takes
place.
Step 2: Kreb’s Cycle
C-C-C
CO2 & a whole bunch of NADHs
http://www.science.smith.edu/departments/Biology/Bio231/krebs.html
Electron Transport Chain

High energy electrons used to
convert ADP to ATP

http://www.science.smith.edu/depart
ments/Biology/Bio231/etc.html
CR: 36 NET ATP
Glycolysis
C-C-C-C-C-C
O2
ETC
C-C-C
Krebs Cycle
CO2 + NADH
ATP + H2O
Animation of CR:
qcc.cuny.edu/BiologicalSciences/Faculty/DMeyer/respiration.html
http://scholar.hw.ac.uk/site/biology/activity3.asp
But what happens when there is
no oxygen present?
Only Glycolysis can occur
O2
Glycolysis
C-C-C-C-C-C
C-C-C
Krebs Cycle
ETC
Fermentation
Occurs when O2 is NOT present
AKA anaerobic respiration
Two types:
Lactic Acid fermentation (muscle cells)
Alcoholic fermentation (yeast)
Nets only 2 ATP
(instead of 36)
Lactic Acid Fermentation

C
C
C
C
C
C
Animals (pain in muscle after workout)
Glycolysis
glucose
C
C
C
Pyruvic
acid
C
C
C
Lactic Acid
Alcohol Fermentation

C
C
C
C
C
C
Plants and Fungi
Glycolysis
glucose

beer and wine
C
C
C
Pyruvic
acid
C
C
Ethanol
Aerobic or Anaerobic Respiration
Question:

Glucose (carbohydrate) is the main
source of food for making ATP from
cellular respiration.

What other food molecules can be used
in Cellular Respiration?
Other organic molecules used for fuel:
1. Carbohydrates: polysaccharides
2. Fats: glycerols and fatty acids
3. Proteins: amino acids