Transcript Slide 1 - MisterSyracuse.com

TEST THE SECOND:
The Life of a Cell
and
Cellular Respiration
“The difference between school and life? In school, you're taught a lesson and
then given a test. In life, you're given a test that teaches you a lesson.”
Tom Bodett
"If more testing were the answer to the problems in our schools, testing would have
solved them a long time ago.“
Bill Goodling, chair of House Education Committee
"Testing improves education the same way that bombing promotes democracy“
Steve Cohn, Education professor at Tufts University
Friday, December 7th, 2007
Name ___________________________________________ Date ________________ Period __________
Directions: This test is designed to let your teacher know how much information you have learned
over the past few weeks, and to allow you to gauge this as well. Remember to think about your notes, and
all the examples and demonstrations that we’ve done in class. Read each question carefully and completely
before making your response, and make sure that whatever you write answers every part of the question. Do
not leave any blank questions or naked numbers. Blank questions will be marked off at double the rate of a
wrong answer. Relax, good luck, and enjoy!
0. What is the worst thing to have happen at 6:00 a.m.?
1. What is the purpose of the mitochondrion?
A. To create polypeptides.
B. To make energy for the cell.
C. To make proteins.
D. To hook amino acids together.
_________
2. What is the function of the cell membrane?
3. The levels of organization for structure and function in the human body from least complex to most
complex are
A. systems → organs → tissues → cells
B. cells → organs → tissues → systems
C. tissues → systems → cells → organs
D. cells → tissues → organs → systems
_________
4. Which organelle is responsible for helping proteins fold properly?
A. Golgi Body
B. Ribosome
C. Lysosome
D. Arcosome
_________
5. A beaker is divided by a membrane as shown below. The membrane is permeable to water, but not to
glucose. Draw the appearance of the beaker after several minutes.
6. A student observes that paramecia, when viewed under a microscope, move very rapidly. In order to
continue their motion, they must have a lot of energy. The organelle most directly associated with producing
this energy is the
A. E.R.
B. Mitochondrion
C. Nucleus
D. Chloroplast
_________
7. The cell theory states that all cells come from preexisting cells. How, then, do scientists think that the
first cell came about?
8. Which process usually uses carbon dioxide molecules?
A. cellular respiration B. asexual reproduction C. active transport D. autotrophic nutrition
_________
9. Explain the function of the nucleus.
10. Describe two differences between a plant cell and an animal cell.
11. Eukaryotes are cells which have nuclei, while prokaryotes do not. Give one example of each type of
cell.
12. The graph to your starboard shows the concentrations of
Some ions both in and outside of a typical animal cell. What
process would be directly responsible for moving more K+
or more Mg++ into the cell?
A. Electrophoresis
D. Diffusion
B. Active transport
C. Circulation
13. Which part of a cell can be used for storage?
A. Vacuole
B. Warehouse
C. Starch grains
_________
D. Chloroplast
14. Which two organ systems provide materials required for the human body to produce ATP?
A. Reproductive and excretory
B. Digestive and respiratory
C. Respiratory and immune
D. Digestive and reproductive
_________
_________
15. Which part of cellular respiration creates the most ATP?
A. Krebs cycle
B. Glycolysis
C. Reduction
D. Electron Transport Chain
_________
16. What is the function of NADH and FADH2 in cellular respiration?
A. They help add phosphates to molecules to give them more energy.
B. They move oxygen to the end of the E.T.C. so that it can be the final electron acceptor.
C. They carry electrons from glycolysis and Krebs to the E.T.C.
D. They act as tugboats to move glucose through cellular respiration.
_________
17. Why do we exhale carbon dioxide?
A. It is produced in glycolysis
B. It is not needed by the body, so it is simply not absorbed in the lungs
C. Three molecules per pyruvate are produced in the Krebs cycle.
D. Both B and C.
_________
18. What is the purpose of fermentation?
19. What happens when a molecule is phosphorylated?
20. What is the purpose of “investing” two ATPs at the beginning of glycolysis?
21. Why must oxaloacetate be regenerated in the Krebs cycle?
A. If it wasn’t, there would be nothing to add Acetyl CoA to, and the cycle would stop.
B. They cycle would stop because no ATP would be delivered by NADH.
C. The cycle would continue, using fermentation instead.
D. The E.T.C. needs oxaloacetate as the final electron acceptor, so it would stop.
_________
22. When a molecule is oxidized, it
A. Looses a neutron B. Gains a neutron
_________
C. Looses an electron
D. Gains an electron
23. On the diagram of a mitochondrion below, indicate where protons are stored, and show how they move
to create ATP.
24 and 25. Draw one plant cell as it would appear had it been placed in a hypertonic solution, and one as it
would appear had it been placed in a hypotonic solution.
26. Put a check next to the correct location of the following processes.
Cytoplasm
Mitochondrion
Chloroplast
Glycolysis
Krebs Cycle
Electron Transport Chain
27. What is the overall purpose of cellular respiration?
28. Why don’t plant cells have to worry about exploding in a hypotonic environment?
29. Why would a cell have to use fermentation?
A. There is too much carbon dioxide
B. No oxygen is present
C. To avoid ATP loss from over-phosphorylation D. Not enough proteins in the E.T.C.
_________
30. The bonds of glucose are broken slowly by cellular respiration. What is released when these bonds are
broken?
31. Many herbicides (chemicals that kills unwanted plants) work by disrupting some aspect of cellular
respiration. One particular chemical works by disabling the enzyme responsible for turning the pyruvate that
is produced by glycolysis into Acetyl CoA, which goes into the Krebs cycle. In a well-organized essay,
explain what effects this would have on the process of cellular respiration, on the plant cell, and on the entire
plant. Make sure that you explain your answer completely, and include as much detail as you can.