Transcript Bio 12 – Organic molecules test review

 Know all of the terms on your word list plus:
polymer, polypeptide, dipeptide, peptide bond,
cellulose, denature and coagulation.
 Be familiar with the basic chemistry concepts
(MC questions!)

 Review your summary notes on carbohydrates.
Make sure you can recognize and label the
various types of carbohydrates
(monosaccharides, disaccharides,
polysaccharides). Also know the chemical
formula for glucose and a disaccharide
 Know how and where different organisms
store starches.
 Be able to fully explain the process of
dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis. Also
be able to identify a diagram of each process.
 Review your summary notes on lipids:
(saturated vs unsaturated fats,
hydrogenation, cholesterol). Be able to
recognize the structural formula of lipids.
 Review your summary notes on proteins. Be
able to identify and explain the four levels of
complexity in proteins (see diagram sheet).
Know the five uses of proteins and be able to
draw the structural formula for an amino
acid.
 Be able to explain metabolism and the
difference between the two categories of
metabolic reactions (catabolic and anabolic)
 Review your summary notes and questions on
enzymes and enzyme reactions. Know the
properties of enzymes and what can affect
enzyme reactions. Be able to label and
explain the lock and key model.
 Be familiar with the basics of nucleic acids
(see notes)
 Be able to calculate the total calories for each
biological molecule from a food label. (may
use a calculator on test)
 1. What are the four levels of structures of
proteins?
 2. What are proteins used for in our bodies?
 3. What two things can change the shape of
proteins?
 4. What is the ratio of H:O in carbs?
 5. All organic molecules contain this element.
 6. Glucose and glucose combine to make this.
 7. The process which joins glucose and
glucose.
 8. Simple sugars are known as?
 9. The chemical formula for glucose.
 10. Sucrose is an example of a?
 11. Animals store starch in this form.
 12. Animal starch is stored here.
 13. Triglycerides contain one molecule of?
 14. Triglycerides contain three molecules of?
 15. Breaking apart of a compound by adding
water.
 16. Unsaturated fats are changed to
saturated fats by adding this.
 17. The above process is called?
 18. This organic molecule is important in the
structure of cell membranes.
 19. Name 3 important protein uses besides
enzymes.
 20. Draw the chemical structure for an amino
acid.
 21. This bond joins amino acids together.
 22. Many amino acids bonded together.
 23. Two amino acids bonded together.
 24. These affect the rate of a chemical
reaction but remain unchanged.
 25. Known as a biological catalyst
 26. The substance upon which an enzyme
acts.
 27. Name 3 factors which affect enzyme activity.
 28. A curling iron would have this effect on hair
protein.
 29. This polysaccharide is often called “bulk” or
roughage in our diets.
 30. What do DNA and RNA stand for?
 31. A sugar, a phosphate group and a
nitrogenous base compose this unit.
 32. Nucleotides are the functional unit of?
 33. This is the enzyme found in our Enzyme
Property lab.
 34. This is the substrate that combined with the
enzyme in the lab.
 35. This was the inorganic catalyst used in the
enzyme lab.
 36. An external condition which denatured the
enzyme in the lab.
 37. Approximately how many proteins are in
each cell in the human body?
 38. Which gives more energy per gram –
carbohydrates, fats or proteins?
 39. This element is found in proteins but not in
carbohydrates or fats.
 40. The number of protons + neutrons.
 41. The number of protons is called the?
 42. What are the four main organic compounds
we studied?
 43. Compounds that do not contain carbon are
classified as?
 44. Carbon atoms are tetravalent which means
what?
 45. An atom with a charge.
 46. Atoms with the same atomic number but
different masses.
 47. This type of bonding involves sharing
electrons.
 48. Fats with single carbon bonds are called?
 49. Compounds with the same molecular
formula but different structures.
 50. What is a permanent change of protein
shape called?