Transcript PDR_PuertoRico

UPR-R(river) P(rock)
Conceptual Design Review
University of Puerto Rico
Río Piedras Campus
November 17, 2008
(9:20 MDT)
Team Members
Students:
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Fernando Batista
Xavier Blanco
Jonathan Camino
Ramon Cintrón
Giovanni Colberg
Nelson Colon
Yanina Colon
Marta Esquilin
Maria P. Matta
Rafael Rios
Vanessa Rivera
Sheila Roman
Stephanie Wolfrom
Faculty Support:
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Elizabeth Dvorsky
Vladimir Makarov
Geraldo Morell
Gladys Munoz
Jennifer Pfeiffer
Oscar Resto
Mission Overview
1) Mission objectives
a) Brief explanation
b) Expected findings
c) Related research/experimentation
2) Design
a) Hardware
i) Parts
ii) Functional block diagrams
3) RockSat Payload Canister User Guide
Compliance
4) Conclusion
Objectives
• Measurement of selected gases in near-space
conditions.
• Microorganism survey of array in near-space
conditions.
Measurement of gases
• Why gases?
– Measuring gases is an important part of the mission
since they can be the building blocks of polypeptides.
There is also an interest in measuring the gases that
cause the greenhouse effect.
Greenhouse Effect
Expected results
• According to the findings of the “Neutral
Composition Measurements of the Mesosphere
and Lower Thermosphere” released in 1971 and
“Trace Constituents in the Mesosphere”
released in 1987 it is plausible to obtain the
following gases:
- N2, O2, Ar, O, COx, O3, NOx and H2O.
• However, there are gases of undisclosed identity
and concentration.
Miller/ Urey
• The Miller/Urey Experiment was one of the first attempts
at explaining where early life in this planet arose. It was
a simple premise, to simulate early earth atmospheric
conditions and observe if there was any reaction that
would yield "organic" particles. The experiment consisted
of adding water (vapor) (H2O), methane (CH4), ammonia
(NH3), hydrogen (H2), and carbon monoxide (CO) to a
sterile balloon then an electric discharge was applied,
simulating lightning, passed through it and cooled. The
results were clear, amino acids were formed with an
approximate 10%-15% yield.
Bases of LIFE !!!!
Finding microorganisms
• What type of microorganism?
- Extremophiles:
a) Psychrophiles (Below freezing temperatures)
b) Piezophiles (High-pressure environments )
c) Radioresistant (Resistant to Ionizing
radiation, UV)
d) Endospore (Dormant stage)
Why these specimens?
Expected results
• Microorganisms or endospores which can resist
extremely high levels of radiation. This includes:
UV (ultraviolet), X-rays and Gamma rays. Also
capable of surviving in low pressures and
temperatures.
• Polypeptides or amino acids could also be
obtained because the Miller and Urey
components could be readily available.
Design
Preliminary Parts:
1) 3/8” tubing
2) Sequential Valves
3) Millipore type membrane
filters
4) Sensory Gas Active matrix
array
5) Discrete Semi-Conductor
Sensors
6) Power and controls wiring
7) AVR
8) Gas Flow Control
Diaphragms
AVR Board
9) ATMega 32L
Microprocessor
10) 2 MB Flash Memory
11) 0-15 Psi Pressure
Sensor
12) 3-Axis Acceleration
13) Temperature Sensor
14) In-System-Programming
15) Attached Geiger
Counter
16) 9 Volt Bus
17) RBF pin on each kit
18) G-switch on each kit
Related research
• Most of the studies related to atmospheric
gases which have been collected at
altitudes of 3 km measuring: N2, O2, Ar, O,
COx, CH4, H2S, SO2, O3, NOx, CFC, and
H2O
Supporting Analysis Research
• Identification of gases during the flight
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Semiconductor gas sensor
• Collection of aerosols
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Polymer nano-scale filter (25 to1000 nm)
• Bio-Sample Culture Collection and Survey
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Microbiology standard procedures
• Inorganic particles analysis
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Auger, XPS, SIM’s and Time of Flight Mass Spectroscopy
• Size distribution and element characterization
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Electron Microscopy (TEM, SEM, EDS, ELL’S)
• Laser spectroscopy analysis
Collection and Detection Diagram
Atmospheric Intake
Computer
Controlled
Flow Valves
Microorganism
and Aerosol
Filters
In Flight
Computer
Control
Gas
Canister
Sampler
Multiple Semiconductor
Gas Sensors
Gases Exhaust
Collection and Detection Sequence
In Flight
Computer
Control
In Parallel
9V
Primary
Valves
Diaphragm
Control
Revolver
Control
Temp.
Sensor
AVR
AVR Input
X and Y Acc.
AVR Output
Flash
Input
9V
Wallops
Activation
G-Switch
VREGS
Flash Memory
Legend
Matrix Array
Flash Output
Power
Data
• RockSat Payload Canister User Guide Compliance
– Mass and Volume
• Our system will comply with mass and volume requirements
– Payload activation
• G-Switch activation
• Our system will not require high voltages
– Rocket Interface
• Shorting wires
• Shared Can Logistics Plan
– We intend to use a full canister
– Our experiment will be based on finding microorganisms beyond
the ozone layer, which divides the Stratosphere and the
Mesosphere, the second aspect of our experiment is the
measurement of gases in the atmosphere.
– By PDR know relative locations in can
• We require two atmospheric ports (upper level (rocket nose) in lower port in
canister)
• Management
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Leader: Jonathan Camino
Secretaries: Maria P. Matta and Vanessa Rivera
Gas Sensors Designer: Rafael Rios
Computer Programmer: Nelson Colon
Sequential Valves: Fernando Batista
Polymer Collection Filters: Xavier Blanco
Related Library Research: Sheila Roman
– Preliminary Schedule: We expect to have a prototype at the end
of this semester
– We will comply with the mass and volume
– The budget will be supported by PRSGC, we are also requesting
additional funding from state government and private entities.
• Conclusions
– Issues and concerns
• Development of sequential control valves
• Development of constant flow diaphragm
– Atmospheric Ports
• We have to decide which sensor will proceed for the gas
measurements:
– Semiconductor sensors / Matrix Arrays Gas Sensors
References
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Miller, Stanley L. (May 1953). "Production of Amino Acids Under Possible Primitive Earth
Conditions". Science 117: 528.
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Thomas, Gary E. (1987) “Trace Constituents in the Mesosphere” Physica Scrypta T18: 281-288
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Philbrick,Charles R. ; Faucher,Gerard A. ; Wlodyka,Raymond A. (December 1971). “Neutral
Composition Measurements of the Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere” National Technical
Information Service
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Nicholson, W, Munakata, N, Horneck, G, Melosh,H, and Setlow, P, (2000).
“Resistance of
Bacillus Endospores to Extreme Terrestrial and Extraterrestrial Environments” Microbiology and
Molecular Biology Reviews, p. 548-572.
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Satyanarayana, T.; Raghukumar, C.; Shivaji, S. (July 2005). "Extremophilic microbes: Diversity
and perspectives". Current Science 89 (1): 78–90.