Transcript CDR_Puerto_Rico - Colorado Space Grant Consortium

UPR-R(river) P(rock)
Conceptual Design Review
University of Puerto Rico
Río Piedras Campus
December 17, 2008
(10:00 MDT)
Team Members
Students:
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Fernando Batista
Xavier Blanco
Jonathan Camino
Ramon Cintrón
Giovanni Colberg
Nelson Colon
Yanina Colon
Marta Esquilin
Maria P. Matta
Rafael Rios
Vanessa Rivera
Sheila Roman
Stephanie Wolfrom
Faculty Support:
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Elizabeth Dvorsky
Vladimir Makarov
Geraldo Morell
Gladys Munoz
Jennifer Pfeiffer
Oscar Resto
Mission Overview
1) Mission objectives
a) Brief explanation
b) Expected findings
c) Related research/experimentation
2) Design
a) Hardware
i) Parts
ii) Functional block diagrams
3) RockSat Payload Canister User Guide
Compliance
4) Conclusion
Objectives
• Measurement of selected gases in near-space
conditions.
• Microorganism survey of array in near-space
conditions.
Measurement of gases
• Why gases?
– Measuring gases is an important part of the mission
since they can be the building blocks of polypeptides.
There is also an interest in measuring the gases that
cause the greenhouse effect.
Greenhouse Effect
Expected results
• According to the findings of the “Neutral
Composition Measurements of the Mesosphere
and Lower Thermosphere” released in 1971 and
“Trace Constituents in the Mesosphere”
released in 1987 it is plausible to obtain the
following gases:
- N2, O2, Ar, O, COx, O3, NOx and H2O.
• However, there are gases of undisclosed identity
and concentration.
Miller/ Urey
• The Miller/Urey Experiment was one of the first attempts
at explaining where early life in this planet arose. It was
a simple premise, to simulate early earth atmospheric
conditions and observe if there was any reaction that
would yield "organic" particles. The experiment consisted
of adding water (vapor) (H2O), methane (CH4), ammonia
(NH3), hydrogen (H2), and carbon monoxide (CO) to a
sterile balloon then an electric discharge was applied,
simulating lightning, passed through it and cooled. The
results were clear, amino acids were formed with an
approximate 10%-15% yield.
Bases of LIFE !!!!
Finding microorganisms
• What type of microorganism?
- Extremophiles:
a) Psychrophiles (Below freezing temperatures)
b) Piezophiles (High-pressure environments )
c) Radioresistant (Resistant to Ionizing
radiation, UV)
d) Endospore (Dormant stage)
Why these specimens?
Expected results
• Microorganisms or endospores which can resist
extremely high levels of radiation. This includes:
UV (ultraviolet), X-rays and Gamma rays. Also
capable of surviving in low pressures and
temperatures.
• Polypeptides or amino acids could also be
obtained because the Miller and Urey
components could be readily available.
Related research
• Most of the studies related to atmospheric
gases which have been collected at altitudes
of 3 km have identified and measured the
following: N2, O2, Ar, O, COx, CH4, H2S, SO2,
O3, NOx, CFC, and H2O
Supporting Analysis Research
• Identification of gases during the flight
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Semiconductor gas sensor
• Collection of aerosols
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Polymer nano-scale filter (25 to1000 nm)
• Bio-Sample Culture Collection and Survey
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Microbiology standard procedures
• Inorganic particles analysis
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Auger, XPS, SIM’s and Time of Flight Mass Spectroscopy
• Size distribution and element characterization
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Electron Microscopy (TEM, SEM, EDS, ELL’S)
• Laser spectroscopy analysis
Collection and Detection Diagram
Atmospheric Intake
Computer
Controlled
Flow Valves
In Flight
Computer
Control
Multiple Semiconductor
Gas Sensors
Gases Exhaust
1000 nm
1000 nm
1000 nm
1000 nm
1000 nm
500 nm
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500 nm
500 nm
200 nm
200 nm
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200 nm
200 nm
100 nm
100 nm
100 nm
100 nm
100 nm
50 nm
50 nm
50 nm
50 nm
50 nm
Microorganism
and Aerosol
Battery Filters
Gas
Canister
Sampler
Collection and Detection Sequence
In Flight
Computer
Control
1000 nm
1000 nm
1000 nm
1000 nm
1000 nm
500 nm
500 nm
500 nm
500 nm
500 nm
200 nm
200 nm
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200 nm
100 nm
100 nm
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100 nm
100 nm
50 nm
50 nm
50 nm
50 nm
50 nm
• Prototype Model
Functional Block Diagram
RAM Air Intake
from Outside of
the Rocket
Notice Electrical Compliance with Wallops
Exhaust
Solenoid
Valve
Power
2x9V Supply
Batteries
Gas
Semiconductor
Sensor 6
Gas
Semiconductor
Sensor 5
Gas
Semiconductor
Sensor 4
Nano-Filters
Sequential
Controlled
Valves
Gas
Semiconductor
Sensor 3
Intake
Solenoid
Valve
Gas
Semiconductor
Sensor 1
Exhaust at Rocket
unpressurized
section
Data
AVR Board
G-Switch
Flash
Memory
5V Regulator
Z
Acceleromet
er
X/Y
Acceleromet
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ADC
Gas
Semiconductor
Sensor 2
RBF (Wallops)
AVR
Microcontroller
Temperatur
e Sensor
2x9 V Supply
Control Circuit
(NPN)
6
channel
ADC
AirCore Board
Intake
Solenoid
Valves
Airflow
Power
Interface
Sequential
Controlled
Valves
AVR Schematic
Wallops Compliance
Part List
Parts:
1) 3/8” tubing
2) Sequential Valves
3) Millipore type membrane
filters
4) Sensory Gas Active matrix
array
5) Discrete Semi-Conductor
Sensors
6) Power and controls wiring
7) AVR
8) Gas Flow Control
Diaphragms
AVR Board
9) ATMega 32L
Microprocessor
10) 16 MB Flash Memory
11) 0-15 Psi Pressure
Sensor
12) 3-Axis Acceleration
13) Temperature Sensor
14) In-System-Programming
15) Attached Geiger
Counter
16) 9 Volt Bus
17) RBF pin on each kit
18) G-switch on each kit
Special Requirements
Dynamic Port
Dynamic Port (Ram Air)
• RockSat Payload Canister User Guide Compliance
Type of Restriction
Mass allotment:
Restriction
Payload w/canister
Volume allotment:
Full canister
The payload’s center of gravity (CG):
Still to be tested
In 1”X1”X1”
envelope of
centroid?
Wallops No-Volt Requirement Compliance:
Structure mounts:
Hoses are Required
Sharing:
Yes
Top and bottom
bulkheads. No
mounts to sides of
cans.
Full Can
Status
• Management
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Leader: Jonathan Camino
Secretaries: Maria P. Matta and Vanessa Rivera
Gas Sensors Designer: Rafael Rios
Computer Programmer: Nelson Colon
Sequential Valves: Fernando Batista
Polymer Collection Filters: Xavier Blanco
Related Library Research: Sheila Roman
– Preliminary Schedule: We expect to have a prototype at the end
of this semester
– We will comply with the mass and volume
– The budget will be supported by PRSGC, we are also requesting
additional funding from state government and private entities.
• Test Plans
- What type of testing can be performed on your
payload pre-flight?
- What is required to complete testing?:
- Support Hardware
- Purchase/produce?
- Software
- Purchase/in-house?
- Potential points of failure
- Testing/Troubleshooting/Modifications/ReTesting Schedule
• Shared Can Logistics Plan
– We intend to use a full canister
– Our experiment will be based on finding microorganisms beyond
the ozone layer, which divides the Stratosphere and the
Mesosphere, the second aspect of our experiment is the
measurement of gases in the atmosphere.
– By PDR know relative locations in can
• We require two atmospheric ports (Dynamic Port (ram air) and lower port
into unpressurized section)
• Conclusions
– Issues and concerns
• AVR programming
• Development of sequential control valves
• Development of constant flow diaphragm
– Atmospheric Ports
• We have to decide which sensor will proceed for the gas
measurements:
– Semiconductor sensors / Matrix Arrays Gas Sensors
• Test Plans are discussed and will be developed during the
construction.
References
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Miller, Stanley L. (May 1953). "Production of Amino Acids Under Possible Primitive Earth
Conditions". Science 117: 528.
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Thomas, Gary E. (1987) “Trace Constituents in the Mesosphere” Physica Scrypta T18: 281-288
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Philbrick,Charles R. ; Faucher,Gerard A. ; Wlodyka,Raymond A. (December 1971). “Neutral
Composition Measurements of the Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere” National Technical
Information Service
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Nicholson, W, Munakata, N, Horneck, G, Melosh,H, and Setlow, P, (2000).
“Resistance of
Bacillus Endospores to Extreme Terrestrial and Extraterrestrial Environments” Microbiology and
Molecular Biology Reviews, p. 548-572.
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Satyanarayana, T.; Raghukumar, C.; Shivaji, S. (July 2005). "Extremophilic microbes: Diversity
and perspectives". Current Science 89 (1): 78–90.