Transcript Chapter 2 - TeacherWeb

Chapter 2
Section 2
The Necessities of Life
Water
1.
2.
3.
4.
70% of your body is
made of water.
Most chemical
reactions require
water.
Needed water comes
from liquids you drink
and foods you eat.
Survival time without
water: 3 days.
Air
Air is a mixture of
several gasses:
oxygen, nitrogen, and
carbon dioxide.
2. Oxygen is used to
release energy from
food.
3. Plants require carbon
dioxide.
4. Some organisms do
not need air to
survive.
1.
A Place to Live
1.
2.
3.
All living things
need a place to
live.
Living space
depends on size.
Living space is
selective: must be
safe, near food,
and water.
Activity: The 3 “Bear” Necessities
1.
2.
3.
4.
On the front of the tabs in the title section
write: Water, Air, A place to live.
Add some color to the bear
Cut out the foldable and glue the top of the
tab onto page 72.
Underneath each tab:
1. Provide an illustration/graphic of the necessity.
2. Provide a description of the necessity and your
graphic.
Food
Food provides energy and the raw materials
needed for life.
2. Nutrients are used to make cells and build body
parts.
3. There are three different ways organisms can get
food.
1.
Food
4. Producers make their own food through
photosynthesis.
5. Plants use the sun’s energy, water, and carbon
dioxide to make food.
6. Consumers eat other organisms (plants or
animals) to get food.
Food
7. Some consumers
obtain food by
breaking down
nutrients in dead
organisms.
8. Decomposers
eat the remains
of once living
things.
Activity: Prod’s, Con’s, Decomp’s
1.
2.
3.
Add some color to the front of the foldable
(We are only using the larger foldable)
Cut out and glue tab against the left
handed margin on page 76.
Underneath each section of foldable:
1. Write a description of the particular organism.
2. List 3 examples of each, with one of those
examples being an illustration/graphic.
Putting It All Together
All organisms need to
break down food in order
to use the nutrients
inside.
2. Nutrients are made up of
molecules.
3. A molecule is a substance
made of two or more
atoms.
4. Most molecules are a
combination of carbon,
hydrogen, nitrogen,
oxygen, phosphorus, and
sulfur.
1.
Proteins
Proteins are molecules
made up of amino acids.
2. Some proteins are
broken down to form
new proteins.
3. Proteins are responsible
for building and repairing
body structures.
4. Proteins control many
functions in cells and
chemical reactions.
1.
Proteins
5.
6.
7.
8.
Proteins can form various structures.
Proteins help cells do their jobs.
Proteins protect cells.
Enzymes (proteins) control chemical reactions.
Proteins
Carbohydrates
1.
2.
3.
4.
Molecules made up
of sugar.
Provide and store
energy for cells.
When carbohydrates
are broken down,
energy is released.
Two types: simple
and complex.
Carbohydrates
5. Simple carbohydrates
are made of one to a
few sugar molecules.
6. Examples: table sugar
and fruits.
7. Glucose: most
common source of
energy for cell.
Carbohydrates
8. Complex carbohydrates are made up of hundreds
of sugar molecules.
9. Some plants store extra sugar as starch.
10. Once eaten, starch is broken down to release the
energy.
Proteins/Carbohydrates
Activity: Venn Diagram - Carbs vs. Proteins
Part 1: On the front of the tab:
1. Write out differences between proteins and
carbohydrates.
2. Add a little color to the front of the tab.
3. Cut out and glue onto top of page 78.
4. Underneath the tabs:
1.
Create an illustration representing a protein and a
carbohydrate.
Part 2: Below the Venn Diagram:
1. List your 5 favorite foods
2. Identify your favorites as Carbs or Proteins
Lipids
Lipids are molecules
of fat that cannot mix
with water.
2. Phospholipids form
much of the cell
membrane.
3. The head of a
phospholipid is
attracted to water,
the tail is not.
4. Phospholipids form a
two-layer membrane.
1.
Lipids
Lipids
5. Fats and oils are lipids
that store energy.
6. After carbohydrates are
burned, fats and oils can
be used for energy.
7. Most lipids in plants are
oils.
8. Most lipids in animals
are fats.
ATP
Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) – major energy
carrying molecule of cells.
2. Energy in carbohydrates and lipids is transferred
to ATP.
3. ATP provides fuel for cellular activities.
1.
Nucleic Acids
1.
2.
3.
4.
Molecules that
carry directions to
make proteins.
Nucleic acids are
made of
nucleotides.
Nucleotides store
the information.
DNA is a type of
nucleic acid.
Activity: Organic Molecules
1.
2.
3.
Color the envelope
Cut out the title, envelope, and along the
diagonal lines. (Page 72)
On the text side describe each role and
give an example of each.