Transcript as CO 2 gas In

BIOGEOCHEMICAL
CYCLES
Mr. Baumer
09/22/2010
Do Now--Write Today’s Objectives:
*I can describe and explain the
FOUR Biogeochemical cycles
*I can relate biogeochemical cycle to the
law of conservation and decomposers!
Essential Question: Why are each of
these four cycling elements important?
http://mff.dsisd.net/Environment/Cycles.htm
ENERGY & MATTER
Energy is not the only thing
that moves through the ecosystem.
Atoms are never destroyed . . . only
transformed.
Take a deep breath.
The atoms you just
inhaled may have been
inhaled by a dinosaur
millions of years ago.
http://educ.queensu.ca/~fmc/august2004/pages/dinobreath.html
4 ATOMS make up 95% of the
body in most organisms
CARBON
OXYGEN
HYDROGEN
NITROGEN
The same molecules are passed around
again and again within the biosphere in
BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
___________________________
HYDROLOGIC CYCLE
http://www.urbanrivers.org/water_cycle.html
WHY IS WATER IMPORTANT?
Makes up 60-70% of your body
Oxygen and Hydrogen are found in all the
building blocks of cells
________________________:
carbohydrates, proteins,
nucleic acids, lipids
Hydrogen in H2O supplies
protons (H+) & electrons
for_______________
photosynthesis
http://www.lsbu.ac.uk/water/molecule.htm
WHY IS WATER IMPORTANT?
SOLVENT
Water is a good _________________
Many molecules dissolve in water so it
provides a place for chemical reactions
to happen
Water doesn’t change temperature easily
so it helps with
__________________
HOMEOSTASIS
http://www.lsbu.ac.uk/water/molecule.htm
WATER CYCLE
evaporation
condensation
http://www.radio-canada.ca/jeunesse/fd6/000_images/cat/c_buee_c.gif
http://www.css.cornell.edu/faculty/hmv1/watrshed/Etrans.htm
The evaporation of water from the
surface of plant leaves
TRANSPIRATION
= ________________
The return of water to
the surface in the form of
rain, snow, sleet, hail, etc.
= ____________________
PRECIPITATION
Image edited from: http://www.cotf.edu/ete/modules/msese/earthsysflr/water.html
WATER CYCLE
PH ONLINE LINK
Put in code: cbp-2033 Choose Start
CARBON CYCLE
CO2 in
atmosphere
CO2 in
ocean
BIOLOGY; Miller and Levine; Prentice Hall; 2006
4 main CARBON reservoirs
in BIOSPHERE
1.In ____________
atmosphere
as CO2 gas
ocean
2.In _______
as dissolved CO2 gas
3.On _______
in organisms, rocks, soil
land
Underground as coal & petroleum (fossil
4.__________
fuels) and calcium carbonate in rocks
CO2 in
atmosphere
CO2 in
Ocean
BIOLOGY; Miller and Levine; Prentice Hall; 2006
Where does CO2 in atmosphere come from?
CO2 in
atmosphere
CO2 in
Ocean
Volcanic activity
1.________________
Human activity (burning fossil fuels)
2.______________
3._________________
Cellular respiration
Decomposition of dead organisms
4.____________
BIOLOGY; Miller and Levine; Prentice Hall; 2006
WHY IS CARBON IMPORTANT?
BUILDING BLOCKS of cells:
Found in all the _______________
carbohydrates, proteins,
nucleic acids, lipids
Image by Riedell
http://web.jjay.cuny.edu/~acarpi/NSC/12-dna.htm
WHY IS CARBON IMPORTANT?
Carbon in CO2 provides the atoms for
GLUCOSE production during
__________
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
__________________...
the fuel that all living things depend on.
http://www.science.siu.edu/plant-biology/PLB117/JPEGs%20CD/0076.JPG
http://www.biologyclass.net/mitochondria.jpg
NITROGEN CYCLE
Section 3-3
N2 in Atmosphere
NO3and NO2-
NH3
BIOLOGY; Miller and Levine; Prentice Hall; 2006
Burning Organic Carbon
Returns the material to the atmosphere!
WHY IS NITROGEN
IMPORTANT?
NITROGEN BASES make DNA and RNA
Adenine (nitrogen base) is used in ATP
Makes AMINO part of amino acids (proteins)
Image by Riedell
http://web.jjay.cuny.edu/~acarpi/NSC/12-dna.htm
Image by Riedell
79% of the atmosphere is made
up of NITROGEN gas (N2)
CAN’T use the nitrogen gas
BUT we _____
we breathe!
The bond in N2 gas is so
strong it can only be broken by
lightning
_______________
Volcanic activity
_______________
few special bacteria
____________________
Image by Riedell
http://web.jjay.cuny.edu/~acarpi/NSC/12-dna.htm
Image by Riedell
in the soil
Bacteria that live ______________
symbiotic
and in _________
relationships with
legumes
plants called _________,
take
nitrogen from the atmosphere and
AMMONIA (NH3) a form
turn it into ______________,
that is usable by plants.
THIS PROCESS
IS CALLED
_________________
NITROGEN FIXATION
http://www.slic2.wsu.edu:82/hurlbert/micro101/images/101nodules21.gif
Other bacteria in the soil convert
NITRATES (NO3- )
ammonia into ________________
& NITRITES (NO2-)
& _________________
which plants can also use.
The nitrogen we need for proteins,
ATP, and nucleic acids comes from
the FOOD
___________
WE EAT
NOT THE AIR
___________
we breathe!
NITROGEN CYCLE
Section 3-3
N2 in Atmosphere
NO3and NO2-
NH3
BIOLOGY; Miller and Levine; Prentice Hall; 2006
in the soil
Bacteria that live ______________
also carry out the reverse process
NITRATES
NITROGEN GAS
& NITRITES
___________
→ _____________
.
THIS PROCESS
IS CALLED
DENITRIFICATION
_________________
Image from: Pearson Education Inc; Publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall
PHOSPHORUS CYCLE
Producers absorb
phosphate from
soil and water
Weathering wears
away rocks and
sediments and
releases phosphate
into soil and water
Sediments form “new land”
to complete cycle
Phosphate moves
through food web
Phosphate returns to
soil and water from
waste or decomposition
Phosphorus cycle
is only biogeochemical
cycle that does
NOT cycle through the
atmosphere
______________
BIOLOGY; Miller and Levine; Prentice Hall; 2006
WHY IS PHOSPHORUS
IMPORTANT?
Makes DNA and RNA
Transfers energy as ATP
Makes phospholipids for cell membranes
Image by Riedell
http://web.jjay.cuny.edu/~acarpi/NSC/12-dna.htm
Image by Riedell