The Digestive System
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Transcript The Digestive System
The Digestive System
Digestion
process of making
food usable by
breaking it down
using enzymes
Enzymes
proteins made by the body that make
specific reactions occur at a faster rate
The Mouth
Teeth break the food down
mechanically
Saliva helps break down the food
chemically
Tongue pushes food around and
towards back of throat for swallowing
Esophagus & Epiglottis
Esophagus
Stretchy pipe that
leads from the back
of the throat to the
stomach
Epiglottis
flap that covers the
windpipe to avoid
food going into your
lungs
4-layer Basic Plan in the Wall of the
Alimentary Canal =
Alimentary Canal
Digestive Tract
Peristalsis
Peristalsis is a distinctive pattern of
smooth muscle contractions that
propels foodstuffs distally through the
esophagus and intestines
The Stomach
Stretchy sack that is
shaped like a “J”
Has strong muscles
and hydrochloric
acid that break
down the food and
pepsin that b/d
proteins into amino
acids
Microscopic Anatomy of the
Stomach
The Small Intestine
Small intestine
about 22’ long
Enzymes- bile from the liver concentrates
fats and from the pancreas, trypsin
continues to b/d proteins, amylase b/d
carbohydrates and lipase b/d fats
nutrients diffuse from small intestine to
blood
Anatomy of the Small Intestine
Regions of the Small Intestine
Liver, Gall Bladder, & Pancreas
Liver
Gall bladder
makes bile
1st place that nutrients go from small intestine so
harmful substances can be filtered out
holds bile
Pancreas
makes enzymes to help digest fats and protein
Gross Anatomy of the
Pancreas
The End of the Tract
Large Intestine
About 5’ long, absorbs salts, vitamins, water and minerals
unused parts of food move through to be excreted from the
body
Appendix
Rectum
no purpose
solid waste stays here until you have a bowel movement
Anus
opening that solid waste is pushed through
THE FINAL END OF THE TRACT