Transcript - Our Schools

Carbohydrates
 What
are
carbohydrates?

Are an organic
compound that
your body uses
these biomolecules for the
storage of
nutrients and the
transfer of energy
in the body .
 What
are
the
building
blocks of
Carbohydrates?
 MONOMER/Building
Block:
 1 carbohydrate
– Monosaccharide
C6H12O6
 What
elements
make up
Carbohydrates?
 Carbon
 Hydrogen
 Oxygen
 Why
are
carbohydrates
needed for
us to live?
Primary Function
Carbohydrates provide
energy!
Starch (Plants)
Glycogen (Animals)
Secondary Function
Serve as structural
components in living things
Cellulose (Plants)
Chitin (Animals)
 What
are
some
examples
of carbohydrates?
 Some
examples of
carbohydrates are
– Glucose
– Fructose
– Galactose
– Pasta
– Bread
– Sucrose (table sugar)
LIPIDS!!
• What are
lipids?
• Lipids are non-polar
organic compounds that
are insoluble in water
and required by all
living things for survival.
• What are
the
building
blocks of
lipids?
• Lipids are polymers
that are made up of
monomers known as
Glycerol and fatty
acids
– Each monomer has 1
glycerol and 3 fatty acids
• What
elements
make up
lipids?
• Lipids are made up of
Carbon, Hydrogen, and
Oxygen
• Why are
lipids
needed for
us to live?
• Lipids make up parts of
our cells, tissues and
organs.
• Stored lipids serve as
an energy source
• Insulates body tissues
• Cushions and protects
organs
• Synthesize hormones
and Vitamin D
• What are
some
examples
of lipids?
• Some examples of
lipids are
– Phospholipid bilayer in
the cell membrane
– Waxes
– Oils
– Fats
– Steroids
– Cholesterol
Nucleic
Acids!!!

What are
Proteins?

Proteins are large, complex molecules
that play many critical roles in the
body. They do most of the work in
cells and are required for the
structure, function, and regulation of
the body’s tissues and organs.

What are
the
building
blocks of
proteins?
 Amino
Acids (20)

What
elements
make up
Proteins?
 Carbon,
Hydrogen,
Oxygen and
Nitrogen
 Why
are
proteins
needed
for us to
live?
Build living tissue/Structure
 Transport
 Storage
 Immune System
 Movement
 Enzymes
 Coordinate body’s activities


What are
examples
of
proteins?
 Collagen
 Hemoglobin
 Insulin
 Muscles
 Pepsin
 Enzymes
Lactase
 Amylase

 How
do
Enzymes
work?



Enzymes are biological catalysts that
speed up reactions
Enzymes work at a specific
temperature and pH level
Enzymes work on specific substrates






Amylase breaks down Starch
Maltase breaks down Maltose
Sucrase breaks down Sucrose
Lipase breaks down Fats
Pepsin breaks down Proteins
Enzymes fit into the substrate like a
key fits into a lock 

What are
nucleic
acids?
 Nucleic
acids
are organic
compounds
needed for
life.

What are
the
building
blocks of
nucleic
acids?
 Nucleotides

What
elements
make up
nucleic
acids?
 Carbon,
Hydrogen,
Oxygen,
Nitrogen,
Phosphorous

Why are
nucleic
acids
needed
for life?
 Store
&
Transfer
genetic
Information

What are

examples
of
nucleic
acids?

DNA
(Deoxyribonucleic
Acid)
RNA (Ribonucleic
Acid)