Transcript the renaissance - Lemon Bay High School

The Renaissance began in Italy and
spread north to the rest of Europe
Rebirth in the learning and culture of
the Roman and Greek worlds
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1. Italy was the center of the Roman Empire
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2. Italian city-states grew into prosperous
centers of trade
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Architecture, art, coins, ect.
Location/Milan Venice Genoa
3. Wealthy and powerful merchant class
attitudes and interests
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Stressed
 Education
 Individual achievement
 Money to support the arts
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Florence became the city that symbolized the
Renaissance. Why?
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Produced a great number of gifted poets, artists,
architects, scholars, and scientists
In the 1400’s the Medici family organized a
successful banking business became one of the
richest merchants in Europe
1. Cosimo De Medici gained control of the government
of Florence
 2. Lorenzo De Medici (magnificent) great leader and
patron of the arts.
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 He brought poets, philosophers to Florence
 Artists learned by sketching ancient Roman works.
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Time of creativity and change in political,
social, economic , and cultural areas
Change in the way people viewed themselves
and the world around them
A. New World View
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It produced new attitudes toward culture and
learning
 1. thinkers explored the richness and variety of human
experience How does it differ from medieval thinkers?
 2. New emphasis on individual achievement
 Ideal person was one with talent in many fields
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B. Spirit of Adventure and Curiosity
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Led people to explore the world
 Age of exploration/science
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C. Humanism
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The study of classical culture (Greece/Rome)
 1.focused on worldly subjects not religious issues
 2 hoped to use the knowledge of the Greeks and
Romans to understand their own time
 3. education should stimulate the individual’s creative
powers
 Humanities (grammer, rhetoric, poetry, history)
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Roman art had been very realistic, and during the
Renaissance artists developed new techniques for
representing both humans and landscapes in a realistic way.
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1. perspective
2. shading
3. studied the human anatomy
Women Artists
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They had to overcome the limits on education and training
Some women had to pass their work off in their husbands name
Very few women artists gained acceptance
 Sofonisba Anguissola court painter for the king of Spain
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Architecture
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Moved away from the gothic style and adopted the columns,
arches, and does of the Greeks and Romans
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Dissected human corpses to learn how bones and
muscles worked
Paintings great realism
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Mona Lisa
The Last Supper
Talents and accomplishments in many areas
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Botany
Anatomy
Optics
Music
Architecture
Engineering
Sketches for a flying machine & undersea boat
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Sculptor , engineer, painter, architect, and poet
Pieta
 David
 Sistine Chapel (mural biblical history)
 Designed the dome of St. Peter’s Cathedral
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Studied the works of Leonardo and
Michelangelo
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Paintings blend Christian and classical styles
The School of Athens
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Poets, artists, and scholars mixed with politicians; books
were written to show ambitious men how to rise to power in
the Renaissance world
Niccolo Machiavelli
He served as a diplomat and observed kings, studied ancient
Roman history
 Prince (1513)
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 Combined his personal experience of politics with the knowledge of the
past as a guide to rulers on how to gain power and hold it.
 He looked to real rules in an age of ruthless politics, not the ideal ruler.
 He believed that the ends justifies the means
 He urged rulers to use whatever methods necessary to achieve their
goals
 Getting results was more important than honesty
 He was against oppression and corruption
 Machiavellian deceit in politics
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Northern Europe did not enjoy the economic
growth that sparked the Renaissance in Italy
until after 1450
Slow recovery from the plague
 Lacked the wealthy class to support the arts
 Lacked the major trade centers
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Northern Renaissance began in the cities of
Flanders, today northern France, Belgium, and
the Netherlands,
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Johann Gutenberg
1456 printed the first edition of the Bible using the first
printing press in the west
 Chinese had been using the printing press for centuries
and they had a method of making paper which would not
reach Europe until 1300
 Within 20 years the development of the movable type
printing press made book production faster
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 How did the printing press transformed Europe
 1. Books were cheaper and easier
 2. By 1500 more than 20 million books had been printed
 3. literacy rates increased
 4. Greater access to a large range of knowledge
 5. Exposed Europeans to new ideas
 exploration
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These scholars stressed
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Education
Classical learning
They believed that the revival of ancient learning
should be used to bring about religious and moral
reform.
Erasmus
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Dutch priest
Produced a new Greek edition of the New Testament
Called for the Bible to be written in the vernacular
He believed that the individual’s chief duties were to be openminded and of good will toward others
He was upset by the corruption in the church and called for
reform
The Praise of Folly
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English humanist pressed for social reform
Utopia (book)
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Describes an ideal society in which all are educated
and justice is used to end crime rather than to
eliminate the criminal.