Transcript Chemistry of Life - Haughton Science

Chemistry of Life
Organic Compounds
4-Tab Foldable
For Note Taking
When finished don’t forget to color
your foldable. Make sure to have a
color scheme for each compound. a
Glue-in or draw an example of each
Macromolecule of each.
Carbohydrates
Elements
Present
Used by
organisms
for ...
Building
Block
Related Terms
& Info
disaccharide =
2 connected
(ex. sucrose)
carbon
hydrogen
oxygen
C:H:O =1: 2 : 1
always !
energy
Monosaccharides
(simple
sugars)
ex: glucose
structure
C6H12O6
monosaccharide
(ex: maltose)
polysaccharide
3 or more
connected
monosaccharides
(ex: starch,
glycogen, chitin,
cellulose)
Proteins
Elements Present
carbon
hydrogen
oxygen
NITROGEN
(always those 4)
sulfur
(possibly)
Used by organisms for ...
structure & movement
(muscles)
enzymes
antibodies
hormones
pigments
amino acids
Building Block
of Proteins:
Related Terms & Info
peptide bond = the bond
that holds amino acids
together in protein
molecules
dipeptide bond = two
connected amino acids
polypeptide bond = 3 or
more connected amino
acids
Lipids
Elements
Present
Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
ONLY !
There is no
specific ratio.
Used by Organisms
for ...
Stored Energy
Structure
(important part of
cell membranes)
fatty acid :
Building Blocks
of Lipids
glycerol :
Related Terms & Info
saturated fat = C-C bonds are all
single bonds, animal, solid at room
temperature.
unsaturated fat = contain at least one
double or triple C-C bond, liquid at
room temperature
trans fat = liquid with air in it, hard to
digest in the body, hydrogenised
fats.
Nucleic Acids
DNA
RNA
FULL NAME
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Ribonucleic acid
BASIC STRUCTURE
2 long twisting strands of
nucleotides in the
form of a
"double helix"
1 single strand of
nucleotides
NUCLEOTIDE
SUGAR
Deoxyribose
Ribose
NITROGENOUS
BASES
guanine (G)
cytosine (C)
adenine (A)
thymine (T)
guanine (G)
cytosine (C)
adenine (A)
uracil (U)
LOCATION IN A
CELL
Nucleus
(the chromosomes)
Nucleus, in the
cytoplasm,
& at the ribosomes
FUNCTION
the hereditary material
of a cell, directs
& controls cell activities
involved in protein
synthesis